Nokea
This endocrine disorder is a severe form of hypothyroidism characterized by an accumulation of mucopolysaccharide in subcutaneous and other interstitial tissues
- A. Myxedema
- B. Cushing`s syndrome
- C. Thyrotoxicosis
- D. Hashimoto`s disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Myxedema is a severe form of hypothyroidism that is characterized by the accumulation of mucopolysaccharides in subcutaneous and other interstitial tissues. This condition leads to puffiness, swelling, and thickening of the skin, giving it a waxy appearance. Other symptoms of myxedema include fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, and hair loss. It is important to recognize and treat myxedema promptly as it can lead to serious complications such as myxedema coma, which is a life-threatening condition requiring immediate medical attention.
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A woman in active labor demonstrates signs of cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD), with the fetal head failing to descend despite strong contractions. What nursing action should be prioritized to address this abnormal labor presentation?
- A. Perform a pelvic exam to assess for CPD.
- B. Assist the mother into a hands-and-knees position.
- C. Administer intravenous oxytocin to augment contractions.
- D. Prepare for immediate instrumental delivery.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When a woman in active labor demonstrates signs of cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) with the fetal head failing to descend despite strong contractions, the nursing action that should be prioritized is to prepare for immediate instrumental delivery. CPD can lead to a prolonged and difficult labor, increasing the risks for both the mother and the fetus. In cases where the fetal head is not descending adequately and the mother's contractions are strong, instrumental delivery, like forceps or vacuum extraction, may be necessary to facilitate the safe delivery of the baby. It is important to act promptly to avoid potential complications associated with prolonged labor. Other actions, such as performing a pelvic exam, changing maternal positions, or administering oxytocin, may be considered but addressing the issue of CPD efficiently through instrumental delivery should take precedence in this scenario.
A patient is prescribed a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for the management of pain. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor closely in the patient?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Gastrointestinal bleeding
- D. Hyperglycemia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NSAIDs are commonly known to increase the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects, including gastritis, ulcers, and gastrointestinal bleeding. This risk is due to the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, which plays a protective role in the gastrointestinal mucosa. Gastrointestinal bleeding can manifest as symptoms such as black, tarry stools, vomiting blood, or abdominal pain. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to closely monitor the patient for signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding while taking NSAIDs to prevent potentially serious complications. Hypotension, hyperkalemia, and hyperglycemia are not commonly associated with NSAIDs use, making them less likely adverse effects to monitor for in this scenario.
A patient presents with urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria, and suprapubic pain. Urinalysis reveals pyuria and bacteriuria. Which of the following conditions is most likely?
- A. Acute glomerulonephritis
- B. Chronic kidney disease
- C. Urinary tract infection (UTI)
- D. Renal calculi
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient's presentation of urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria, and suprapubic pain along with the urinalysis findings of pyuria (pus in the urine) and bacteriuria (bacteria in the urine) are highly suggestive of a urinary tract infection (UTI). UTIs are one of the most common types of bacterial infections seen in clinical practice. The symptoms described are classic for a lower urinary tract infection. The presence of pyuria and bacteriuria on urinalysis further supports the diagnosis of a UTI. Acute glomerulonephritis typically presents with hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, and edema. Chronic kidney disease is often asymptomatic in early stages and presents with symptoms like fatigue, edema, and changes in urination later on. Renal calculi are associated with severe colicky flank pain that can radiate to the groin, and they may present with
During a support group meeting, Nurse Donato, in a teasing manner, has made several provocative remarks about your appearance and behavior as a group leader. Select your MOST appropriate response.
- A. "Donato, see me after this meeting"
- B. "Donato, you are excused from the group"
- C. "What do you think Donato is trying to tell us?"
- D. "Donato, what are you saying is inappropriate"
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Choosing option D, "Donato, what you are saying is inappropriate," is the most appropriate response in this situation. It directly addresses Nurse Donato's behavior without escalating the situation or being overly confrontational. By calmly pointing out that the remarks are inappropriate, you are setting a boundary and letting Nurse Donato know that such behavior is not acceptable in a professional setting. This response also signals to the rest of the group that you are aware of the inappropriate comments and are taking action to address them. It is important to address such behavior professionally and assertively to maintain a respectful and supportive environment during the support group meeting.
A postpartum client exhibits signs of postpartum psychosis, including hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized behavior. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
- A. Administering antipsychotic medication as ordered
- B. Encouraging the client to participate in group therapy sessions
- C. Providing education on coping skills and stress management
- D. Notifying the healthcare provider immediately
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When a postpartum client exhibits signs of postpartum psychosis such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized behavior, it is crucial to involve the healthcare provider immediately. Postpartum psychosis is a psychiatric emergency that requires prompt assessment and intervention by mental health professionals. The healthcare provider can determine the appropriate course of action, which may include hospitalization, medication management, and specialized psychiatric care. Delaying notification can lead to serious consequences for both the client and her infant, so timely intervention is essential in managing postpartum psychosis.