Nokea
This is the Most Abundant Hormone Produced by the Anterior Pituitary
- A. LH
- B. TSH
- C. ACTH
- D. GH
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: GH (Growth Hormone). GH is the most abundant hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland. It plays a crucial role in regulating growth, metabolism, and cell repair. LH, TSH, and ACTH are also hormones produced by the anterior pituitary, but they are not as abundant as GH and do not have the same wide-ranging effects on the body. LH is involved in reproductive functions, TSH regulates thyroid function, and ACTH stimulates the adrenal glands. Therefore, based on the function and abundance of hormones produced by the anterior pituitary, GH is the correct answer.
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Which gland is responsible for the production of insulin?
- A. ovaries
- B. testes
- C. hypothalamus
- D. islets of Langerhans
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: islets of Langerhans. These clusters of cells within the pancreas are responsible for producing insulin. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. The ovaries (A) and testes (B) are not responsible for insulin production. The hypothalamus (C) plays a role in regulating many bodily functions, but it is not directly involved in insulin production.
Terbutaline specifically stimulates:
- A. Alpha1 receptors
- B. Alpha2 receptors
- C. Beta1 receptors
- D. Beta2 receptors
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Terbutaline specifically stimulates Beta2 receptors. This leads to bronchodilation by relaxing smooth muscles in the airways. Beta2 receptors are predominantly found in the lungs. Option A and B are incorrect as terbutaline does not target Alpha receptors. Option C is incorrect as terbutaline does not primarily stimulate Beta1 receptors, which are mainly found in the heart.
Which equation is used to calculate the power P of the machine?
- A. P = ΔE × t
- B. P = W × t
- C. P = ΔE / t
- D. P = W / ΔE
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct equation for calculating power is P = ΔE / t. Power is defined as the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred. In this equation, ΔE represents the change in energy and t represents the time taken for that change. Dividing the change in energy by the time gives us the power. This equation aligns with the fundamental definition of power.
Choice A (P = ΔE × t) is incorrect because it implies that power is directly proportional to both the change in energy and time, which is not always the case.
Choice B (P = W × t) is incorrect because it incorrectly uses work (W) in the equation for power, while power is specifically related to the rate at which work is done, not the work itself.
Choice D (P = W / ΔE) is incorrect because it suggests power is inversely proportional to the change in energy, which is not a characteristic of power.
What describes the primary difference in treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS)?
- A. DKA requires administration of bicarbonate to correct acidosis.
- B. Potassium replacement is not necessary in management of HHS.
- C. HHS requires greater fluid replacement to correct the dehydration.
- D. Administration of glucose is withheld in HHS until the blood glucose reaches a normal level.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: HHS requires more fluid replacement due to severe dehydration, while DKA management focuses more on correcting acidosis and insulin deficiency.
A drug useful in the treatment of acute attack of migraine is:
- A. Sumatriptan
- B. Ergometrine
- C. Dihydroergometrine
- D. Propranolol
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sumatriptan is the correct answer for treating acute migraine attacks as it is a specific serotonin receptor agonist that helps constrict blood vessels in the brain. Ergometrine and dihydroergometrine are ergot alkaloids used for other conditions, not migraine. Propranolol is a beta-blocker used for migraine prevention, not acute attacks.