Questions Neurological System

Questions Neurological System Related

Review Questions Neurological System related questions and content

To plan effective care for patients diagnosed with somatic system disorders, the nurse should understand that patients have difficulty giving up the symptoms because the symptoms:

  • A. are generally chronic in nature.
  • B. have a physiological basis.
  • C. can be voluntarily controlled.
  • D. provide relief from health anxiety.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Patients with somatic symptom disorders often experience health anxiety.
2. Symptoms provide a form of relief or distraction from this anxiety.
3. Understanding this helps nurses plan effective care by addressing underlying anxiety.
4. Option D is correct as it directly addresses the role of symptoms in providing relief.
Summary:
- Option A is incorrect because chronicity does not explain the reluctance to give up symptoms.
- Option B is incorrect as having a physiological basis does not necessarily relate to difficulty giving up symptoms.
- Option C is incorrect because symptoms in somatic system disorders are typically not voluntarily controlled.

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Cerebellar function is assessed by which of the following tests?

  • A. Muscle size and strength
  • B. Cranial nerve examination
  • C. Coordination - hop on one foot
  • D. Spinothalamic tract
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Cerebellar function is assessed by testing coordination, balance, and fine motor skills. Asking the patient to hop on one foot evaluates their balance and coordination, which are controlled by the cerebellum. Muscle size and strength, cranial nerve examination, and the spinothalamic tract are not specific to cerebellar function.

The nurse is caring for a patient who has had a stroke (brain attack). The patient is unable to understand what the nurse is saying and appears frustrated. What term should the nurse use to document this finding?

  • A. Dysphagia
  • B. Confusion
  • C. Receptive aphasia
  • D. Expressive aphasia
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Receptive aphasia is the inability to understand spoken or written language, often resulting from damage to Wernicke's area in the brain. Dysphagia is difficulty swallowing, confusion is disorientation, and expressive aphasia is difficulty communicating verbally. Accurate documentation is essential for planning patient care.

The nurse is checking the deep tendon reflexes of a patient who has compression of the fifth and sixth cervical nerves on the right. Which deep tendon reflex is diminishes?

  • A. Right biceps reflex
  • B. Left brachioradialis reflex
  • C. Right triceps reflex
  • D. Left patellar reflex
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Compression of the C5 and C6 nerve roots affects the biceps reflex. The brachioradialis, triceps, and patellar reflexes are controlled by different nerve roots (C6, C7, and L2-L4, respectively). A diminished biceps reflex indicates a lesion at C5-C6.

During an assessment, Nurse Johnson observes Brudzinski's sign and Kernig's sign in a patient. She recognizes these as two classic indicators associated with a specific medical condition. Which disorder is Nurse Johnson likely considering based on these signs?

  • A. Parkinson's disease
  • B. Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
  • C. Seizure disorder
  • D. Meningitis
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Brudzinski's sign and Kernig's sign are indicative of meningeal irritation, commonly seen in meningitis.

One way of dealing with memory impairments is to train patients in ways to help store and retrieve items and events to be remembered. One such technique is the use of:

  • A. Visual imagery mnemonics.
  • B. Visual imagery catalogues.
  • C. Visual imagery tagging.
  • D. Visual compensation.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Visual imagery mnemonics is a memory enhancement technique that involves creating vivid mental images to aid in the storage and retrieval of information. By associating new information with familiar visual cues, individuals can improve their ability to remember details and events. This technique is particularly useful for individuals with memory impairments, as it leverages the brain's natural ability to process and recall visual information more effectively than abstract concepts.

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