Questions Neurological System

Questions Neurological System Related

Review Questions Neurological System related questions and content

What region of the limbic lobe is responsible for generating stress responses via the hypothalamus?

  • A. hippocampus
  • B. amygdala
  • C. mammillary bodies
  • D. prefrontal cortex
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: amygdala. The amygdala is responsible for generating stress responses through its connections with the hypothalamus. It plays a crucial role in processing emotions, including fear and anxiety. The hippocampus (A) is involved in memory formation, not stress responses. The mammillary bodies (C) are part of the hypothalamus but are not directly responsible for generating stress responses. The prefrontal cortex (D) is involved in decision-making and impulse control, not stress responses. Thus, the amygdala is the correct choice for its specific role in triggering stress responses via the hypothalamus.

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Neurons come in which different type(s)?

  • A. Sensory
  • B. Motor
  • C. Skeletal
  • D. A and B
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Neurons are classified into sensory neurons, which transmit information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system, and motor neurons, which carry signals from the central nervous system to muscles and glands. Skeletal refers to muscle tissue, not neuron types. Understanding these types helps explain how the nervous system processes and responds to information.

When performing a neurologic assessment on an elderly patient, the nurse should be aware that:

  • A. Age-related changes may affect reflexes, gait, and memory.
  • B. Elderly patients should have the same reflexes as younger individuals.
  • C. There should be no difference in neurologic function based on age.
  • D. Reflexes should be more pronounced in elderly patients.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Age-related changes, such as slower reflexes, altered gait, and memory decline, are common in elderly patients. Neurologic function may differ from younger individuals.

The tectum is located in the _____________.

  • A. hindbrain
  • B. midbrain
  • C. forebrain
  • D. spinal cord
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The tectum is part of the midbrain and is involved in auditory and visual reflexes. It includes structures like the superior and inferior colliculi, which play roles in processing sensory information.

Which is the most common neurotransmitter in the brain?

  • A. serotonin
  • B. glutamate
  • C. dopamine
  • D. GABA
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Glutamate is the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and is involved in nearly all excitatory brain functions. It plays a key role in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. Glutamate binds to receptors on postsynaptic neurons, promoting the transmission of signals. However, excessive glutamate activity can lead to excitotoxicity, causing neuronal damage and contributing to conditions like stroke and neurodegenerative diseases.

Millions of sensory receptors detect changes, called ________, which occur inside and outside the body.

  • A. neuron
  • B. skin
  • C. motor
  • D. stimuli
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Sensory receptors detect changes, known as stimuli, which occur both inside and outside the body. These stimuli can include temperature, pressure, light, and chemical changes. Neurons are the cells that transmit these signals, while the skin is an organ that contains sensory receptors. Motor refers to the output of the nervous system, such as muscle movement. Stimuli is the correct answer as it refers to the changes detected by sensory receptors.

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