Nokea
Tuberculin purified protein derivative:
- A. Is administered to patients who are known tuberculin-positive reactors
- B. May be administered to patients who are on immunosuppressives
- C. May be administered 2 to 3 weeks after an MMR or varicella vaccine
- D. May be administered the same day as the MMR and/or varicella vaccine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: TB skin test can be given same-day as MMR/varicella; prior positives or immunosuppression complicate interpretation.
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The nurse receives an order to administer an unfamiliar medication and obtains a nurse's drug guide published four years earlier. What is the nurse's most prudent action?
- A. Find a more recent reference source.
- B. Use the guide if the drug is listed.
- C. Ask another nurse for drug information.
- D. Verify the information in the guide with the pharmacist.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse is responsible for all medications administered and must find a recent reference source to ensure the information learned about the medication is correct and current. Using an older drug guide could be dangerous because it would not contain the most up-to-date information. Asking another nurse or the pharmacist does not guarantee accurate information will be obtained and could harm the patient if the information is wrong.
Which legislation authorizes the FDA to determine the safety of a drug before its marketing?
- A. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938)
- B. Durham Humphrey Amendment (1952)
- C. Controlled Substances Act (1970)
- D. Kefauver Harris Drug Amendment (1962)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 authorized the FDA to determine the safety of all drugs before marketing. Later amendments and acts helped tighten FDA control and ensure drug safety.
Which of the following drugs should be avoided in a pregnant woman because of a risk of harming the fetus?
- A. Pravastatin
- B. Cholestyramine
- C. Gemfibrozil
- D. Niacin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Statins like pravastatin are contraindicated in pregnancy due to potential teratogenic effects.
Tetracycline needs to be given on an empty stomach because it chelates with:
- A. Calcium
- B. Magnesium
- C. Iron
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tetracycline forms insoluble complexes with divalent and trivalent cations (calcium, magnesium, iron), reducing absorption when taken with food containing these elements.
Janice has elevated LDL, VLDL, and triglyceride levels. Niaspan, an extended-release form of niacin, is chosen to treat her hyperlipidemia. Due to its metabolism and excretion, which of the following laboratory results should be monitored?
- A. Serum alanine aminotransferase
- B. Serum amylase
- C. Serum creatinine
- D. Phenylketonuria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Niacin can cause hepatotoxicity, requiring ALT monitoring.