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What action by a student before taking a test should indicate to a nursing instructor that the student is demonstrating signs of moderate anxiety?
- A. Studies for 6 hours
- B. Sleeps 6 hours because of fatigue
- C. Vomits
- D. Argues about the scheduling of the test
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Symptoms of anxiety include the following: vocal changes, rapid speech, increased pulse, respirations, and blood pressure, tremors, restlessness, increased perspiration, nausea, decreased appetite, diarrhea, frequent urination, and vomiting.
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When was psychiatric training for nurses initially offered?
- A. 1852
- B. 1882
- C. 1902
- D. 1922
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In 1882, McLean Hospital in Waverly, Massachusetts, provided the first psychiatric training school for nurses.
In the movie Gone With the Wind, Scarlett O'Hara says, 'I'll think about that tomorrow. Tomorrow is another day.' The nurse recognizes the defense mechanism of
Correct Answer: repression
Rationale: Repression is an unconscious barring of anxiety-producing thoughts.
After finding the patient with diabetes eating candy, the nurse reminds the patient that the candy will elevate blood sugar levels. The patient's response is: 'It's only a little bit, and it won't do anything.' Which defense mechanism is the patient using?
- A. Conversion
- B. Denial
- C. Repression
- D. Regression
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient is using denial as a defense mechanism. Reality is denied.
During the 17th and 18th centuries, care of patients with mental illness often was cruel. What type of care was used by Dr. Philippe Pinel to bring about change?
- A. Personal care
- B. Individual care
- C. Behavior care
- D. Humane care
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dr. Philippe Pinel advocated humane care.
When the patient who overeats insists that weight gain is related to retained fluids, the nurse recognizes the patient is using which defense mechanism?
- A. Compensation
- B. Rationalization
- C. Sublimation
- D. Regression
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Defense mechanisms are unconscious reactions that offer protection to the self from stressful situations. Rationalization offers a reasonable explanation for an event rather than facing reality.