Immune System Quiz Quizlet

Immune System Quiz Quizlet Related

Review Immune System Quiz Quizlet related questions and content

What antibody mediates Type I hypersensitivity?

  • A. IgA
  • B. IgE
  • C. IgG
  • D. IgM
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: IgE. In Type I hypersensitivity reactions, IgE antibodies are involved. Firstly, upon initial exposure to an allergen, B cells produce IgE antibodies specific to that allergen. IgE antibodies then bind to mast cells and basophils. Upon subsequent exposure to the same allergen, it cross-links the IgE antibodies on mast cells and basophils, leading to degranulation and release of inflammatory mediators like histamine. This results in the symptoms of Type I hypersensitivity reactions.

Choice A (IgA) is incorrect because IgA is mainly involved in mucosal immunity. Choice C (IgG) is incorrect because while IgG can be involved in Type II and Type III hypersensitivity reactions, it is not the primary antibody in Type I hypersensitivity. Choice D (IgM) is incorrect because IgM is typically involved in the primary immune response, not in Type I hypersensitivity reactions.

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Which cell type is a sentinel in the tissues and part of the innate immune system?

  • A. T lymphocytes
  • B. Dendritic cells
  • C. B lymphocytes
  • D. Plasma cells
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dendritic cells. Dendritic cells are sentinel cells in tissues that detect pathogens and activate the immune response. They are crucial in initiating adaptive immune responses by presenting antigens to T cells. T lymphocytes (A) are involved in adaptive immunity, not innate immunity. B lymphocytes (C) mature into plasma cells (D) which produce antibodies, but they are not sentinel cells in tissues like dendritic cells.

In a patient with a positive Chvostek’s sign, the nurse would anticipate the IV administration of which medication?

  • A. Calcitonin
  • B. Vitamin D
  • C. Loop diuretics
  • D. Calcium gluconate
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Chvostek’s sign indicates hypocalcemia, so calcium gluconate is administered to restore normal calcium levels.

What is a primary characteristic of modern immunology?

  • A. It relies solely on innate immunity concepts
  • B. It builds on the pioneering work of Jenner, Pasteur, and others
  • C. It focuses exclusively on tissue healing
  • D. It is an ancient field of study with minimal current advancements
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because modern immunology indeed builds on the groundbreaking contributions of scientists like Jenner and Pasteur. Their work laid the foundation for understanding concepts like vaccination and immune responses. Choice A is incorrect because modern immunology encompasses both innate and adaptive immunity. Choice C is incorrect as immunology extends beyond tissue healing to include immune responses to pathogens and self-cells. Choice D is incorrect as immunology is a rapidly evolving field with significant advancements in understanding immune mechanisms and developing new treatments.

Identify the mismatched receptor: ligand pair

  • A. NOD2: peptidoglycan
  • B. TLR9: CpG DNA
  • C. TLR5: dsRNA
  • D. RIG-I: viral RNA
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: TLR5 recognizes flagellin, not dsRNA. This is why choice C is the correct answer. NOD2 binds to peptidoglycan (A), TLR9 binds to CpG DNA (B), and RIG-I recognizes viral RNA (D). Each receptor has specificity for a different ligand, making choice C the mismatched pair.

The patient is experiencing fibrosis and glomerulopathy a year after a kidney transplant. Which type of rejection is occurring?

  • A. Acute
  • B. Chronic
  • C. Delayed
  • D. Hyperacute
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Chronic rejection occurs over time and involves fibrosis and structural changes in the transplanted organ.

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