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What are early signs of varicella disease?
- A. High fever over 101°F (38.3°C)
- B. General malaise
- C. Increased appetite
- D. Crusty sores
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Early signs of varicella will develop during the prodromal period and are mainly low-grade fever, malaise, and anorexia. Lesions do not appear until later.
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What is the major criterion for diagnosing a child as cognitively impaired?
- A. An IQ of 75 or less
- B. Subaverage functioning
- C. An IQ of 70 or less
- D. Onset before 18
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cognitive impairment is based upon IQs from 20 to 70.
What is the most common clinical manifestation of coarctation of the aorta?
- A. Clubbing of the digits
- B. Upper extremity hypertension
- C. Pedal edema and portal congestion
- D. Loud systolic ejection murmur
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Coarctation of the aorta results in hypertension in the upper extremities. The pressure in the arms is typically 20 mm Hg higher than in the legs.
When the mother of a child with gastroesophageal reflux calls the clinic nurse to report that her baby is vomiting small amounts of blood, the nurse explains that the esophagus has been irritated by gastric
Correct Answer: acid
Rationale: Gastric acid that has repeatedly come in contact with the esophageal mucosa will erode the mucosa, and bleeding will result.
A child has developed a diaper rash, and the parents are using zinc oxide to treat it. What does the nurse suggest to aid in the removal of the zinc oxide?
- A. Mild soap and water
- B. A cotton ball
- C. Mineral oil
- D. Alcohol swabs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To completely remove ointment, especially zinc oxide, mineral oil should be used.
A child with Duchenne muscular dystrophy rises from the floor by walking up the thighs with the hands. How should the nurse record this observation?
- A. Hand assistance
- B. Leg crawling
- C. Gowers sign
- D. Bright sign
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using the hands to walk up the thighs is known as the Gowers sign.