Nokea
What assessment finding(s) is most important in determining the presence of alcohol dependency in a client? Select all that apply.
- A. Patterns of use
- B. Weight loss
- C. Fluctuation in appetite
- D. Absenteeism from work
- E. Blurred vision
- F. Blackouts
Correct Answer: A,D,F
Rationale: People who are dependent on alcohol are driven by the pattern of use and how or when to obtain alcohol. They begin drinking earlier in the day and create opportunities to drink. Loss of work hours, especially on Mondays, becomes a pattern. Blackouts or loss of episodes of time can occur in the early and later stages of the abuse. Weight loss and fluctuation in appetite may be associated with alcohol use disorder but is not a determining factor. Blurred vision is not significant in the assessment of the disorder.
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A client has overdosed on opiates. Which drug would the nurse anticipate being ordered for this client?
- A. Dolphine
- B. Naltrexone
- C. Naloxone
- D. Hydromorphone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Opiate overdose leads to respiratory depression, unconsciousness, and death. Naloxone is administered to reverse the effects of opiates and assists in restoring respiration. Naltrexone is an opiate antagonist that is used for rapid opiate detoxification while the client is under anesthesia. Dolphine and hydromorphone are opiate drugs and would increase the effects of respiratory depression.
A client states, 'My father was an alcoholic so I am destined to be one too.' Which is the best response by the nurse?
- A. Children of alcoholics are more likely to become alcoholic.
- B. There is treatment available to prevent the trait of alcoholism.
- C. This is just a theory and has no basis of proof.
- D. Let's talk about how you can take control of your destiny.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Even with a possible genetic link to alcoholism, the individual remains in control of taking the first drink that triggers the metabolism of alcohol to THIQ. Every person is responsible for his or her own destiny and should receive encouragement to exercise that control. Children of alcoholics (COA) do have a greater likelihood of developing alcohol dependency. The only prevention of the trait of alcoholism is abstinence.
Which of the following refers to the reduction in a drug's effect that follows persistent use?
- A. Addiction
- B. Tolerance
- C. Withdrawal
- D. Dependence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tolerance refers to the reduction in a drug's effect that follows persistent use. Addiction is drug-seeking behaviors that interfere with work, relationships, and normal activities. Withdrawal refers to the physical symptoms and craving for a drug that occur when a person abruptly stops using an abused substance. Dependence means that a person must take a drug to avoid withdrawal symptoms.
Many healthcare providers are screening applicants for tobacco use. Which is the primary reasoning for this new employment practice?
- A. Clients should not be exposed to the odor of tobacco.
- B. Nurses should be a role model to the clients served.
- C. Shooters take more breaks during the work day.
- D. Nicotine contributes to fatal illnesses.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: According to the CDC (2020), smoking is responsible for 80% to 90% of deaths from lung cancer.
A client who has attempted to quit smoking and failed two times before is reluctant to make another attempt. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. You will know when the time is right.
- B. Most people who have tried and failed ultimately do succeed.
- C. Tell me what you have tried before and we can make changes to your plan.
- D. I know you can do it this time.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Attempts to quit are a predictor of eventual success, and many of those who have tried and failed do ultimately succeed. Providing the client with this encouragement supports the desire to quit. Waiting until the time is right may postpone the urge to quit. The nurse does not 'know' for certainty that a client is going to achieve a goal but can be a supporter during the process. Although having a plan to follow is important, the support and encouragement to take the first step is the springboard.