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Which of the following assessment findings is observed in a client with opiate use?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Pinpoint-sized pupils
- C. Weight gain
- D. Bulimia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The assessment findings in a client with opiate use are pinpoint-sized pupils, constipation, weight loss, and anorexia. Diarrhea, weight gain, and bulimia are not the assessment findings observed in a client with opiate dependency.
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When discussing the purpose of beginning methadone therapy for opioid addiction, which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. It is not addictive for heroin users.
- B. It takes away the desire for narcotics.
- C. There are no withdrawal symptoms.
- D. Less time will be spent in drug-seeking behaviors.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The purpose of using methadone in the management of opioid addicts remains controversial. Methadone has a longer half-life and can be given as a once daily dose. Methadone is safer than heroin and allows the client to work, live, and function normally because less time is spent on drug-seeking behaviors and unsafe drug practices. Methadone is a schedule II synthetic opioid analgesic and has dependency and withdrawal capabilities. The use of methadone does not take away desires for narcotics and urine testing should be routinely completed to deter combined use.
Many healthcare providers are screening applicants for tobacco use. Which is the primary reasoning for this new employment practice?
- A. Clients should not be exposed to the odor of tobacco.
- B. Nurses should be a role model to the clients served.
- C. Shooters take more breaks during the work day.
- D. Nicotine contributes to fatal illnesses.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: According to the CDC (2020), smoking is responsible for 80% to 90% of deaths from lung cancer.
A client has overdosed on opiates. Which drug would the nurse anticipate being ordered for this client?
- A. Dolphine
- B. Naltrexone
- C. Naloxone
- D. Hydromorphone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Opiate overdose leads to respiratory depression, unconsciousness, and death. Naloxone is administered to reverse the effects of opiates and assists in restoring respiration. Naltrexone is an opiate antagonist that is used for rapid opiate detoxification while the client is under anesthesia. Dolphine and hydromorphone are opiate drugs and would increase the effects of respiratory depression.
The client has successfully completed detox and is ready for discharge home. What is the primary reason the nurse refers the client to Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)?
- A. To teach how to manage alcohol use
- B. To provide support for a lifelong addiction
- C. To help the client meet other people who have been successful in treatment
- D. To prevent relapse from occurring
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alcoholism is a lifelong addiction that must be managed on an hourly/daily/weekly basis because the client is powerless over alcohol. AA emphasizes personal accountability while providing support from those who have walked in the same shoes as the client. Relapse is a common setback among recovering individuals, and AA provides encouragement to work the program of success that is alcohol and drug free.
Upon admission of a client to the detox unit, the nurse administers lorazepam (Ativan). The client asks, 'How long will I get these drugs?' Which is the best understanding by the nurse?
- A. The drugs will be given routinely until detox is completed.
- B. Because Ativan has potential addictive qualities, it will be stopped after 24 hours.
- C. High doses may be required initially but then will be tapered and stopped.
- D. The physician will decide the dosage and reorder every third day.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ativan is used to control withdrawal symptoms. Initially, the medication may need to be administered frequently and in high doses to compensate for the client's cross-tolerance and then tapered and discontinued. Ativan is a controlled substance and should not be prescribed for long-term use. The physician establishes the order for the administration of all medications during the detoxification of clients.