Nokea
Which of the following is a true statement regarding alcohol use in the older adult population?
- A. Older adults who drink exhibit less impairment.
- B. Older adults have a higher metabolism which leads to alcohol toxicity.
- C. Alcoholism may be difficult to identify in older adults.
- D. Dementia may be associated with high ingestion of alcohol for 10 or more years.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alcoholism may be difficult to identify in older adults because symptoms such as tremors, unsteady gait, or memory loss mimic changes associated with aging. Older adults who drink exhibit more impairment. Older adults have a slower metabolism. Dementia may be associated with heavy ingestion of alcohol for 10 or more years, or with ingestion of other toxic substances, including heavy metals.
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When discussing the purpose of beginning methadone therapy for opioid addiction, which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. It is not addictive for heroin users.
- B. It takes away the desire for narcotics.
- C. There are no withdrawal symptoms.
- D. Less time will be spent in drug-seeking behaviors.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The purpose of using methadone in the management of opioid addicts remains controversial. Methadone has a longer half-life and can be given as a once daily dose. Methadone is safer than heroin and allows the client to work, live, and function normally because less time is spent on drug-seeking behaviors and unsafe drug practices. Methadone is a schedule II synthetic opioid analgesic and has dependency and withdrawal capabilities. The use of methadone does not take away desires for narcotics and urine testing should be routinely completed to deter combined use.
Many healthcare providers are screening applicants for tobacco use. Which is the primary reasoning for this new employment practice?
- A. Clients should not be exposed to the odor of tobacco.
- B. Nurses should be a role model to the clients served.
- C. Shooters take more breaks during the work day.
- D. Nicotine contributes to fatal illnesses.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: According to the CDC (2020), smoking is responsible for 80% to 90% of deaths from lung cancer.
The nurse is discussing the effects of secondhand smoking with a group of new mothers. What information is most important for the nurse to include?
- A. Higher risk for fractures as they age
- B. Severe asthma attacks in children of smokers
- C. Greater risk for lung cancer
- D. Increased rate for coronary heart disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Children with asthma have a greater frequency and more severe attacks when exposed to secondhand smoke. New mothers who smoked during pregnancy need to know their infants are at increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome. Higher incidence of lung cancer, fractures, and coronary heart disease are all consequences of smoking but not specific to new mothers or their infants.
Clinical manifestations of methamphetamine use include which of the following?
- A. Weight gain
- B. Moist mucous membranes
- C. Acne
- D. Vasodilation of blood vessels
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Methamphetamine users may develop acne and be covered with multiple scratched areas because they believe that insects are crawling under their skin. The client will have dry mucous membranes, weight loss, and vasoconstriction of blood vessels.
Which stage of tobacco dependence occurs when a person uses tobacco sporadically?
- A. Contemplation
- B. Experimentation
- C. Initiation
- D. Precontemplation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The experimentation stage occurs when the client uses tobacco sporadically. The contemplation stage entertains the possibility of using a tobacco product. During the initiation stage, the client uses tobacco for the first time. During the precontemplation stage, the client lacks ideas about personally using tobacco.