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ELECTORAL COLLEGE
The Electoral College has nothing to do with college and contains no students. The Electoral College consists of votes that each state acquires based on the number of representatives it has in Congress. Each state has two electoral votes because each state has two senators. The remaining electoral votes are determined by the number of Congressmen, the number of which is based on the population of the state established by the Census taken each decade. During the presidential election, most states cast all their electoral votes for the candidate who wins the popular vote in that state. It's all very confusing, but the founding fathers know what they were doing. Downloaded by Abdul Hamid (a.ahamid2181@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|10672023 HESI A2 V2 Grammar, Vocab, Reading, & Math Questions with Answers). By having and using the Electoral College candidates' campaign in every state, but just because they win the popular vote across the country doesn't mean they will always win the election. Case in point, in election 2000, Al Gore won the popular vote across the country, but George W. Bush won more electoral votes. Therefore, he became our 43rd president.
What does 'cast' mean?
- A. To throw away
- B. To give one's vote
- C. To create a mold
- D. To choose a role
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To give one's vote.' In the context of the Electoral College and elections, 'cast' refers to the action of officially giving or allocating one's vote for a candidate. This term is commonly used when describing the process of voters selecting their preferred candidate during an election. It is important for voters to understand the meaning of 'cast' to effectively participate in the electoral process and make informed decisions.
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VIOLENCE: Lately, studies have been done to decide whether a relationship exists between violence on television and mounting violence in the streets of the United States. More and better research is needed to assess fully the effects of exposure to violence on human behavior. However, early results seem to indicate that some people are influenced negatively by what they see on TV, especially young children. Since children born today, on an average, are exposed to seven hours of TV daily, some changes seem needed. Consultants have advised network officials to reconsider certain policies if they wish to avoid the pitfalls of increased government regulations.
The author seems to support:
- A. A complete deregulation of television programming.
- B. Violence on television, if it has artistic merit.
- C. Further research into the effects of TV violence.
- D. Public control of TV programming.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Further research into the effects of TV violence.
Rationale:
1. The passage highlights the need for more and better research to fully understand the effects of exposure to violence on human behavior.
2. The author acknowledges that early results suggest some negative influence on people, especially young children, indicating the importance of further investigation.
3. By emphasizing the need for more research, the author is advocating for a more informed approach to addressing the issue of violence on television.
4. The other choices are incorrect:
- A: Complete deregulation of television programming goes against the author's suggestion for changes and avoiding pitfalls.
- B: Supporting violence on television based on artistic merit is not the focus of the passage, which highlights negative influences.
- D: Public control of TV programming is not explicitly supported in the passage; the emphasis is on research to understand the effects of TV violence.
Homophones
English is a vibrant, changing, dynamic language. It allows people to express their thoughts in diverse ways, as there are many synonyms and antonyms to choose from. The hardest part for the English speaker - or those learning English as a second language - is learning about homonyms. These are words that sound alike but are spelled different ways, with different meanings. One example is "One". This word, spelled "one" means the numeral 1, an amount. If spelled "won," it means to be victorious. No wonder spelling is a difficult skill to master! Other homonyms encountered by the beginning English speaker are "to, two, too," "four, for, fore," "there, their, they're" and "son, sun" to name just a few. This is one reason that "Spell check" programs on word processing computers cannot be completely accurate, because the way a word is spelled depends on the context of the sentence. Proofreaders will always be in demand.
Which statement accurately describes homonyms?
- A. Words that sound alike but are spelled differently and have different meanings.
- B. Words that sound the same, are spelled the same, but have different meanings.
- C. Words that sound different, are spelled differently, but have the same meaning.
- D. Words that sound different, are spelled the same, and have the same meaning.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Homonyms are words that sound alike but are spelled differently and have different meanings. Examples include 'two' and 'too,' 'there' and 'their,' and 'son' and 'sun.' Understanding homonyms is essential for mastering the English language, as they can lead to confusion in writing and communication. Spell check programs may not always catch errors related to homonyms because the correct spelling depends on the context of the sentence. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the distinctions between homonyms to effectively convey meaning in written and spoken language.
Doppler Effect
Have you ever wondered why the whistle of a traveling, distant locomotive predicts its approach several yards before anyone actually sees it? Or why an oncoming ambulance's screaming siren is heard momentarily several feet before the ambulance comes into full view, before it passes you, and why its siren is still heard faintly well after the ambulance is out of sight?
What you are witnessing is a scientific phenomenon known as the Doppler Effect. What takes place is truly remarkable. In both of these instances, when the train or ambulance moves toward the sound waves in front of it, the sound waves are pulled closer together and have a higher frequency. In either instance, the listener positioned in front of the moving object hears a higher pitch. The ambulance and locomotive are progressively moving away from the sound waves behind them, causing the waves to be farther apart and to have a lower frequency. These fast-approaching modes of transportation distance themselves past the listener, who hears a lower pitch.
What is the meaning of the word phenomenon in the second paragraph?
- A. Something that is lifeless to the senses
- B. Something that is nonchalant
- C. Something that is significant but unusual
- D. Something that is chemical in origin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the context of the passage, the word 'phenomenon' refers to something that is significant but unusual. The Doppler Effect described is a scientific phenomenon, meaning it is an observable event that is noteworthy and not commonly encountered. It is not related to being lifeless, nonchalant, or having a chemical origin. The explanation in the passage clearly illustrates how the Doppler Effect is a remarkable occurrence that affects the perception of sound based on the relative motion of the source and the listener.
Centuries ago, in the country of Siam, now known as Thailand, it was the custom of the rulers
that displeased them by giving the offender a white elephant. Because the animal was could not
be made to work as other elephants did, but still had to be fed hundreds of pounds of fruit and cared for in the most lavish style. The recipient could not give the elephant to anyone else, as it was the ruler, who would be greatly displeased should the recipient not receive the gift graciously or care for in a grand style. This monetary burden could be a major liability to the
recipient and in many cases they became impoverished.
This is the origin of the term "white elephant" as it is used today to denote an unwanted gift. The way of gift exchange played during the holiday season is an offshoot of this. In this game, everyone brings, and the gifts are exchanged by drawing numbers and picking a gift in turn. The
second person can choose or steal the first one. It is all in good fun, and people enjoy giving silly
gifts and "stealing" someone else.
How did the people regard a white elephant?
- A. If a village elder received a white elephant, the entire village shared in the supply of meat.
- B. People tried very hard not to offend the king, so they would not receive a white elephant.
- C. White elephants were highly prized as they were very hard workers in the cane fields.
- D. The people of Siam vied for the honor of receiving the king's gift or a white elephant.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. In ancient Siam, receiving a white elephant was considered a burden and a sign of displeasure from the rulers. The white elephant was not a useful animal for work like other elephants and was costly to maintain, leading to financial difficulties for the recipient. Therefore, people made efforts not to offend the king to avoid receiving such an unwanted and costly gift, which could lead to their impoverishment.
ELECTORAL COLLEGE
The Electoral College has nothing to do with college and contains no students. It consists of votes that each state acquires based on the number of representatives it has in Congress. Each state has two electoral votes because every state has two senators. The remaining electoral votes are determined by the number of Congressmen, which is based on the population of the state, as established by the Census taken every decade.During the presidential election, most states cast all their electoral votes for the candidate who wins the popular vote in that state. Although this system can be confusing, the founding fathers knew what they were doing. The Electoral College encourages candidates to campaign in every state. However, winning the popular vote across the country does not guarantee winning the election. A notable example is the 2000 election, where Al Gore won the popular vote nationwide, but George W. Bush secured more electoral votes, ultimately becoming the 43rd president.
What is the author's intention in discussing the Electoral College?
- A. Learn about the history of voting rights
- B. Have an understanding of the Electoral College
- C. Understand the role of political parties
- D. Explore the influence of media on elections
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The author's intention is to provide an explanation and understanding of the Electoral College system. The passage explains how the Electoral College operates, its purpose, and its impact on presidential elections. It clarifies the connection between the number of electoral votes a state has and its representation in Congress. By discussing the Electoral College, the author aims to educate readers on this specific aspect of the U.S. electoral process, not focusing on voting rights history, political parties' roles, or media influence on elections.