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The Electoral College has nothing to do with college and contains no students. The Electoral
College consists of votes that each state acquires based on the number of representatives it has in Congress. Each state has two electoral votes because each state has two senators. The remaining electoral votes are determined by the number of Congressmen, the number of which is based on the
population of the state established by the Census taken each decade.
During the presidential election, most states cast all their electoral votes for the candidate who
wins the popular vote in that state. ItĆ¢Ä‚¬Ä„¢s all very confusing, but the founding fathers know what they were doing. By having and using the Electoral College candidatesĆ¢Ä‚¬Ä„¢ campaign in every state, but just because they win the popular vote across the country doesn't mean they will always win the election. Case in point, in election 2000, Al Gore won the popular vote across the country,
but George W. Bush won more electoral votes. Therefore, he became our 43rd president.
Which statement from the passage is a fact?
- A. Each state casts their electoral votes during the Presidential election
- B. The government randomly assigns electoral votes to states
- C. Candidates only campaign in states where they think they can win
- D. The Electoral College is a college in Washington D.C.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The passage mentions that during the presidential election, most states cast all their electoral votes for the candidate who wins the popular vote in that state. This is a fact based on how the Electoral College operates. B is incorrect as the electoral votes are not randomly assigned but are based on the number of representatives each state has in Congress. C is not supported by the passage as it does not state candidates only campaign in states where they think they can win. D is incorrect as the passage explicitly states that the Electoral College has nothing to do with a college in Washington D.C.
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Mr. Rogers' Biography: 'It's a wonderful day in the neighborhood!' This familiar line always began the Mister Rogers' Neighborhood program on PBS.
The amazing Fred Rogers brought a special message to children around the world. He believed that each person is unique and wonderful in his or her own way and we should accept others just the way they are without trying to change or improve them. Mr. Rogers spread his tolerance message far and wide through the daily broadcasts of his television show, his many books, and finally after his retirement through his website specifically designed for children. Through these venues, Mr. Rogers helped children deal with the real- world things that bothered them, such as doctor visits, haircuts, and new siblings.
Fred Rogers left a legacy of kindness, acceptance, and an unending love of learning for all generations.
The author wrote this passage because he/she
- A. Wanted to persuade you to buy books written by Fred Rogers.
- B. Wanted to entertain you with amusing anecdotes from Fred Roger’s life
- C. Felt there wasn’t enough written about Fred Rogers.
- D. Wanted to inform the reader about Fred Roger’s message.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Wanted to inform the reader about Fred Rogers' message. The passage clearly states that Mr. Rogers spread a message of acceptance and tolerance, helping children deal with real-world issues. The purpose of the passage is to inform the reader about Mr. Rogers' beliefs and the impact of his work, not to persuade readers to buy books, entertain with anecdotes, or address a lack of information. Therefore, the correct choice is D as it aligns with the passage's content and theme.
The ability to see at a distance, in good light, does not diminish as a result of aging to the extent
that other visual acuities do. Myopia, or nearsightedness, is more common to younger eyes,
while presbyopia, or farsightedness, more commonly afflicts people as they age. The word
presbyopia comes from Greek presbys, "old man," and opia, "eye," and names a condition in
which, because the lens of the eye hardens slightly and loses elasticity as a person ages, one
cannot as easily focus sharply on nearby objects. This condition leads to the familiar habit of
lifting up one's glasses and bringing an object or reading material close to the face so that the
eyes can more easily focus on it. The function of the lens is to accommodate different focal
points so that sensory data can be correctly directed to the retina for interpretation into images by
the brain. Corrective lenses, particularly bifocals or progressive lenses, adjust for the focal point
aberration. In essence, they do the work that the eye can no longer do for itself.
The author of the passage would probably agree with which of the following statements relating corrective lenses and aging eyes?
- A. A dancer with a broken bone needs a cast to protect it.
- B. A hiker reinforces a fraying backpack strap with duct tape.
- C. A traveler gets a passport before going abroad.
- D. An athlete stretches before a game to avoid a potential injury.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The passage discusses how aging eyes experience presbyopia, where the lens loses elasticity, making it difficult to focus on nearby objects. Corrective lenses, like bifocals or progressive lenses, compensate for this loss of focusing ability. Similarly, a hiker reinforcing a fraying backpack strap with duct tape is akin to using corrective lenses to address the issue of aging eyes. Just as duct tape helps repair the strap, corrective lenses help address the vision problem associated with aging eyes. The other choices do not directly correlate with the relationship between corrective lenses and aging eyes as discussed in the passage.
All That Jazz: Jazz is an American musical art form which originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African-American communities in the Southern United States. It derived from a confluence of African and European music traditions. From its early development until the present, jazz has also incorporated music from 19th and 20th century American popular music. The word jazz began as a West Coast slang term of uncertain derivation and was first used to refer to music in Chicago in about 1915.
Improvisation is one of the key elements of jazz and a fundamental part of the nature of the music. In jazz, the skilled performer will interpret a tune in very individual ways, never playing the same composition exactly the same way twice. Depending upon the performer's mood and personal experience, interactions with fellow musicians, or even members of the audience, a jazz musician/performer may alter melodies, harmonies, or time signatures at will.
What is the definition of 'confluence' as used in the first paragraph?
- A. Influence.
- B. Melding.
- C. Intersection.
- D. Coming Together.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Coming Together.
Explanation: In the context of the paragraph, 'confluence' refers to the merging or coming together of African and European music traditions to form jazz. This term signifies the blending and integration of different musical influences to create a new art form. 'Influence' (choice A) implies one-way impact, 'melding' (choice B) suggests mixing without a distinct merging, and 'intersection' (choice C) indicates a meeting point but not necessarily a merging or fusion, making them all less fitting than 'coming together' in conveying the essence of 'confluence' in this context.
Blood Pressure
Lub-dub! Lub-dub! Lub-dub! This sound is made by the rapid contracting and extending of the chamber doors on the inside of the heart. This ventricular contracting injects roughly 70 mL of blood into a vascular system with a given volume at differing pressure. Blood pressure refers to the pressure in the arterial system; and it is typically taken in the brachial artery of the arm because the pressure at different places along the circulatory route is different. Blood pressure is simply the force that the blood exerts in all directions within any given area and is the basis for the movement of blood from the heart, through the body, and back to the heart. This pressure is commonly expressed as a ratio of the systolic pressure over the diastolic pressure. The systolic pressure or “high peak†pressure takes place within the arterial system as ventricles contract and force blood into the arteries. The diastolic pressure or “low peak†pressure takes place within this arterial system just before the next ventricular contraction. An increase in blood pressure can occur if the arterial walls lose some of their elasticity with age or disease.
What is the meaning of the word elasticity in the last paragraph?
- A. Something that is able to resist and be flexible
- B. Something that is plastic-like
- C. Something that is dynamic and electrifying
- D. Something that is silly
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The term 'elasticity' in the last paragraph refers to the ability of a material or structure to return to its original shape after being stretched or compressed. In the context of blood pressure, elasticity refers to the property of arterial walls to stretch and recoil with each heartbeat, allowing them to withstand the pressure changes caused by blood flow. Option A, 'Something that is able to resist and be flexible,' accurately describes the concept of elasticity in this context, making it the correct answer.
Eating
Consumption of food is a universal necessity. Different
cultures have developed different methods to accomplish
the task. It is interesting to discover these differences and
learn new ways to do things.
European cultures developed cutlery (knives, forks, and
spoons) to enable people to efficiently eat their food.
Correct use of this toolĆ¢Ä‚¬Ä„¢s changes with the times-what was
polite in 1800 may not be considered proper manners
today.
China developed the chopstick as an efficient tool for
eating. Mastery of the use of chopsticks can be difficult
for the person not raised in the culture. The attempts of a
novice to use chopsticks can be very amusing to the
watcher, but frustrating for the hungry diner.
Space travel has created new challenges for consuming
food. Squeeze bottles and other unique packaging have
enabled space travelers to get their needed nutrition.
Chopsticks and forks do not work well in space.
What conclusion can be drawn about the article?
- A. The author explains differences in eating processes.
- B. The author thinks chopsticks are funny.
- C. The best way to eat food is with cutlery.
- D. Space flight is fun and exciting.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'The author explains differences in eating processes.' The article discusses how different cultures have developed various methods for eating, such as cutlery in European cultures and chopsticks in China. It highlights the challenges and unique tools used for consuming food in different contexts like space travel. The text does not focus on humor related to chopsticks, suggest that cutlery is the best way to eat food, or emphasize space flight as fun and exciting. Therefore, the most accurate conclusion is that the author is explaining the differences in eating processes across cultures.