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What does the nurse recognize as an example of Piaget's concrete operational thinking?
- A. A 2-year-old child says, 'It's nighttime' when his room is darkened.
- B. A 4-year-old child refers to the hospital as 'my house.'
- C. A 5-year-old child coloring a picture of a puppy says, 'This is my puppy.'
- D. A 7-year-old child says, 'I am sick because I have germs in my chest.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The 7-year-old child's remark reflecting the cause and effect of germs and illness is an example of operational thinking. All other options are examples of preoperational thought, which is egocentric and symbolic.
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The nurse encourages a Puerto Rican family to bring food to a child because he is not eating the food served on his hospital tray. What can the nurse expect the child to eat?
- A. Dried beans mixed with rice
- B. Crisp vegetables
- C. Spaghetti and meatballs
- D. Wild berries, roots, and seeds
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A common food choice of Americans of Puerto Rican descent is dried beans mixed with rice.
What is the best nursing action when an 8-year-old child comes to the school nurse with his central incisor in his hand and reports he knocked his tooth out on the water fountain?
- A. Give him an ice cube to suck on.
- B. Have him wash his mouth out with peroxide and water.
- C. Wrap the tooth in a clean tissue.
- D. Wash off the tooth and place it in a container of milk.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The tooth should be washed off and put in a container of milk to preserve it for possible reimplantation.
The mother of a 7-year-old pediatric patient asks the nurse about her child's sleep requirement. What is the most accurate response by the nurse?
- A. 7 to 10 hours a night'
- B. 5 to 7 hours a night with one daytime nap'
- C. 11 to 13 hours a night'
- D. 4 to 6 hours a night with two daytime naps'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The 7-year-old child usually requires 11 to 13 hours of sleep and rarely has a daytime nap.
The nurse caring for a 4-year-old postoperative patient instructs him to blow bubbles. What nursing intervention is the nurse most likely implementing by using this form of therapeutic play?
- A. Providing pain relief
- B. Encouraging deep breathing
- C. Decreasing risk of infection
- D. Maintaining body temperature
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Play can also be therapeutic and aid in the recovery process. An example of therapeutic play is the game of having the child blow bubbles to promote deep breathing.
Which healthy snack foods would the school nurse suggest to a group of adolescents? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Bubble gum
- B. Chocolate-covered peanuts
- C. Raw vegetables
- D. Cheese
- E. Dried fruits
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Cheese and raw vegetables are acceptable healthy snacks. Bubble gum, chocolate-covered peanuts, and dried fruits all contain high amounts of sugar.