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What does the nurse teach the client who has had a mechanical valve placed?
- A. The PT must remain below 1.5 times the control value.
- B. The PTT must be higher than 2.5 times the control value.
- C. The INR must be maintained between 2.5 and 3.5 for anticoagulant monitoring
- D. The INR must be maintained below 2.5 for anticoagulant monitoring.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mechanical valves require precise anticoagulation management, with an INR target range of 2.5-3.5 to prevent clotting.
You may also like to solve these questions
What is the accumulation of fatty deposits along the walls of arteries, leading to reduced blood flow?
- A. Atherosclerosis
- B. Arteriosclerosis
- C. Aneurysm
- D. Thrombosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atherosclerosis is the correct answer because it specifically refers to the accumulation of fatty deposits in arteries, causing reduced blood flow. Arteriosclerosis is a general term for thickening and hardening of arteries, not necessarily due to fatty deposits. Aneurysm is a localized, abnormal dilation of a blood vessel, not related to fatty deposits. Thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot within a blood vessel, not the accumulation of fatty deposits.
The nurse is administering an ACE inhibitor to a client. What is the most common side effect?
- A. Cough
- B. Dizziness
- C. Hypotension
- D. Hyperkalemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cough. ACE inhibitors commonly cause a persistent dry cough due to the accumulation of bradykinin. This side effect occurs in up to 20% of patients. Dizziness (B) and hypotension (C) are potential side effects of ACE inhibitors but not as common as cough. Hyperkalemia (D) can occur with ACE inhibitors but is not the most common side effect.
What is the primary consideration when preparing to administer thrombolytic therapy to a patient who is experiencing an acute myocardial infarction (MI)?
- A. History of heart disease.
- B. Sensitivity to aspirin.
- C. Size and location of the MI.
- D. Time since onset of symptoms.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Thrombolytic therapy is most effective when administered within a few hours of symptom onset.
A nurse responds to a telemetry alarm and determines that the client is in which rhythm, where the rate is greater than 150, diastole is shortened, and the heart does not have sufficient time to fill?
- A. Sinus bradycardia
- B. Sinus tachycardia
- C. Supraventricular Tachycardia
- D. Atrial flutter
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Supraventricular tachycardia involves rapid heart rates originating above the ventricles, shortening diastolic filling time.
What type of medication is used to reduce inflammation in the airways and prevent asthma attacks?
- A. Corticosteroid
- B. Bronchodilator
- C. Antihistamine
- D. Mucolytic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Corticosteroid. Corticosteroids work by reducing inflammation in the airways, which is a key factor in asthma attacks. They help prevent asthma symptoms by decreasing swelling and mucus production in the airways. Bronchodilators (B) help to relax and widen the airways but do not target inflammation. Antihistamines (C) are used to treat allergies and do not directly address asthma inflammation. Mucolytics (D) help to thin mucus in the airways but do not specifically target airway inflammation in asthma.