Nokea
What effect does luteinizing hormone (LH) have on a female?
- A. LH promotes enlargement of the female's breasts.
- B. LH has no effect on a female
- C. LH causes secondary sex characteristics to develop in a femal
- D. LH triggers ovulation in a female
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: LH triggers ovulation in a female. LH is a hormone released by the pituitary gland that stimulates the release of an egg from the ovary during the menstrual cycle. This process is known as ovulation. It is a crucial step in the reproductive cycle of females.
A: LH does not promote the enlargement of female breasts. Breast growth is primarily regulated by estrogen and progesterone.
B: LH does have a significant effect on females, particularly in the reproductive system.
C: While LH does contribute to the development of secondary sex characteristics in females, its main role is in triggering ovulation.
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The internal male genital organs are represented by the following structures, EXCEPT:
- A. testicles;
- B. deferent ducts;
- C. corpora cavernosa;
- D. bulbourethral glands;
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice C (corpora cavernosa) is correct:
1. Corpora cavernosa are erectile tissue in the penis, not internal male genital organs.
2. Testicles, deferent ducts, and bulbourethral glands are actual internal male genital organs.
3. Corpora cavernosa are involved in penile erection, not in male reproductive system functions.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
A: Testicles - Produces sperm and male sex hormones.
B: Deferent ducts - Transport sperm from the testicles to the urethra.
D: Bulbourethral glands - Produce pre-ejaculatory fluid to lubricate the urethra.
During the week following ovulation, the endometrium increases in thickness to 5 to 6 millimeters. What stimulates this increase in thickness?
- A. Luteinizing hormone
- B. Estrogen from the corpus luteum
- C. Progesterone from the corpus luteum
- D. Follicle-stimulating hormone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Progesterone from the corpus luteum. After ovulation, the corpus luteum forms from the ruptured follicle and secretes progesterone. Progesterone is responsible for preparing the endometrium for potential implantation of a fertilized egg by increasing its thickness. Luteinizing hormone (A) triggers ovulation but does not directly affect endometrial thickness. Estrogen from the corpus luteum (B) also plays a role in preparing the endometrium but does not specifically stimulate the increase in thickness. Follicle-stimulating hormone (D) primarily regulates the development of ovarian follicles and does not directly influence endometrial thickness.
What normally inhibits testosterone production?
- A. increasing FSH
- B. increasing ICSH
- C. decreasing ICSH
- D. decreasing FSH
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because increasing ICSH (Luteinizing Hormone) inhibits testosterone production by exerting negative feedback on the testes. ICSH stimulates Leydig cells in the testes to produce testosterone. When testosterone levels rise, it signals the pituitary gland to decrease ICSH secretion, thus inhibiting further testosterone production.
A: Increasing FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) does not inhibit testosterone production.
C: Decreasing ICSH would lead to reduced stimulation of Leydig cells and lower testosterone production.
D: Decreasing FSH would not directly inhibit testosterone production as FSH primarily stimulates sperm production in the testes.
The female sex of the child involves the following during fecundation:
- A. the spermatozoon should contain the X sex chromosome;
- B. the spermatozoon should contain the Y sex chromosome;
- C. the ovule should contain the contain the Y sex chromosome;
- D. the spermatozoon should contain the X sex chromosome and the ovule should contain the contain the X sex chromosome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because during fecundation, the female sex of the child is determined by the presence of the X sex chromosome in the spermatozoon and the ovule. This leads to the combination of XX chromosomes, resulting in a female child. Choice A (spermatozoon with X chromosome) alone would lead to a female child, but it requires the ovule to also have an X chromosome for the correct combination. Choice B (spermatozoon with Y chromosome) would result in a male child. Choice C (ovule with Y chromosome) is incorrect as the ovule always contains an X chromosome. Thus, the correct combination for a female child is when the spermatozoon contains the X chromosome and the ovule contains the X chromosome.
The superior region of the vagina is the _____.
- A. vaginal orifice
- B. cervix
- C. hymen
- D. vaginal rugae
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: cervix. The cervix is the lower portion of the uterus that protrudes into the vaginal canal. It is located at the superior region of the vagina. The vaginal orifice (A) refers to the opening of the vagina, not the superior region. The hymen (C) is a thin membrane that partially covers the vaginal opening and is not related to the superior region. Vaginal rugae (D) are the ridges or folds in the vaginal wall that allow for expansion, which are not specific to the superior region.