Cardiovascular System Exam Questions And Answers

Cardiovascular System Exam Questions And Answers Related

Review Cardiovascular System Exam Questions And Answers related questions and content

What is a condition where the coronary arteries become narrowed or blocked, leading to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle?

  • A. Coronary artery disease (CAD)
  • B. Atherosclerosis
  • C. Stroke
  • D. Peripheral artery disease
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD is the condition where the coronary arteries become narrowed or blocked, leading to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. The narrowing or blockage is typically caused by atherosclerosis, which is the buildup of plaque in the arteries. Atherosclerosis is a contributing factor to CAD, but CAD specifically refers to the reduced blood flow in the coronary arteries. Stroke (C) is a condition involving the brain's blood vessels, not the heart. Peripheral artery disease (D) involves narrowing of arteries outside the heart, typically in the legs. Therefore, the most appropriate choice is A as it directly relates to the narrowed or blocked coronary arteries causing reduced blood flow to the heart muscle.

You may also like to solve these questions

If Dr. Baker complains of loss of appetite and nausea after starting chlorothiazide, it would be important to

  • A. check her digitalis and potassium levels
  • B. obtain a urine specimen
  • C. get an electrocardiogram immediately
  • D. reassure her that since her blood pressure is normal these symptoms are to be expected
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Chlorothiazide can affect electrolyte balance, requiring monitoring.

A 2400 mg sodium diet is prescribed for the patient with chronic heart failure. The nurse recognizes that additional teaching is necessary when the patient states

  • A. I should limit my milk intake to 2 cups a day
  • B. I can eat fresh fruits and vegetables without worrying about sodium levels
  • C. I can eat most foods as long as I do not add salt when cooking or at the table
  • D. I need to read the labels on prepared foods and medicines for their sodium content
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: All foods that are high in sodium should be eliminated in a 2400 mg sodium diet, in addition to the elimination of salt during cooking.

Which condition is characterized by the sudden onset of shortness of breath, often occurring at night and associated with heart failure?

  • A. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
  • B. Sleep apnea
  • C. Orthopnea
  • D. Dyspnea
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. This condition is characterized by sudden onset of shortness of breath at night, often associated with heart failure. It occurs when a person lies down due to fluid redistribution in the body, leading to increased pressure on the lungs and heart. Sleep apnea (B) is a separate condition characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep. Orthopnea (C) is difficulty breathing while lying flat, relieved by sitting up. Dyspnea (D) is a general term for shortness of breath but does not specifically refer to the sudden onset at night associated with heart failure.

What is the condition where the arteries in the brain become blocked or narrowed, leading to reduced blood flow and a potential stroke?

  • A. Cerebral atherosclerosis
  • B. Coronary artery disease
  • C. Pulmonary embolism
  • D. Peripheral artery disease
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cerebral atherosclerosis. This condition specifically refers to the buildup of plaque in the arteries supplying the brain, leading to blockages or narrowing. Reduced blood flow in the brain can result in a stroke. Coronary artery disease (B) affects the heart's blood vessels, not the brain. Pulmonary embolism (C) involves a blockage in the arteries of the lungs. Peripheral artery disease (D) affects arteries outside of the heart and brain, usually in the limbs. Therefore, the correct answer is A as it directly relates to the blockages in the brain arteries leading to a potential stroke.

The nurse is teaching a client about the side effects of beta blockers. What is the most important side effect to monitor?

  • A. Hypotension
  • B. Bradycardia
  • C. Hyperkalemia
  • D. Tachycardia
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypotension. Beta blockers can cause a decrease in blood pressure, leading to hypotension. Monitoring for hypotension is crucial as it can result in dizziness, fainting, or even shock. Bradycardia (choice B) is a common side effect but usually not as critical as hypotension. Hyperkalemia (choice C) is a potential side effect of some beta blockers but is less common and typically not as urgent as hypotension. Tachycardia (choice D) is the opposite of what beta blockers typically cause, making it an unlikely side effect to monitor for in this case.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.