Nokea
What is an example of a patient’s comment that demonstrates the patient understands fibroids?
- A. I will only need to treat the fibroids when I am menopausal.
- B. A sonogram can help determine the size of my fibroids.
- C. There is little treatment to help my fibroids.
- D. Oral contraceptives will only make my fibroids worse.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because mentioning the use of a sonogram to determine the size of fibroids shows understanding of the diagnostic process. This indicates awareness of the importance of imaging in assessing fibroids. Choice A is incorrect as fibroids may require treatment before menopause. Choice C is incorrect as there are various treatment options available. Choice D is incorrect as oral contraceptives do not necessarily worsen fibroids.
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What does FSH primarily act to stimulate?
- A. Development of the uterine endometrium
- B. Release of the mature ovum
- C. Maturation of the ovarian follicle
- D. Development of the ovary
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: FSH primarily acts to stimulate the maturation of the ovarian follicle. FSH facilitates the growth and development of the follicle in the ovary, leading to the release of a mature ovum during ovulation. This process is essential for successful reproduction. Choice A is incorrect because the development of the uterine endometrium is primarily influenced by estrogen and progesterone. Choice B is incorrect as the release of the mature ovum is triggered by the surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), not FSH. Choice D is incorrect as the development of the ovary itself is not a direct function of FSH.
The hormone that causes the alveoli of the mammary glands to secrete milk is:
- A. Estrogen
- B. Oxytocin
- C. Prolactin
- D. Estrogen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prolactin stimulates the alveoli of the mammary glands to secrete milk.
A prolapsed uterus results from weakening of the supporting ligaments of the uterus, which permits retroflexion (backward tilt) and descent of the uterus into the vagina.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. NA
- D. NA
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Weakening of the supporting ligaments can lead to a prolapsed uterus.
If a woman reports that her neonate cries frantically when hungry, this likely means that
- A. the woman is missing signs of hunger
- B. there is the possibility of an underlying disease process that must be investigated
- C. the woman is not breastfeeding correctly
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Recognizing early hunger cues enables timely feeding and reduces distress.
A 58-year-old postmenopausal woman presents with a sensation of pelvic heaviness and states she feels like something is sitting in her vagina. On examination, the provider notes a visible protrusion of the bladder into the anterior vaginal wall. What structural disorder of the female reproductive system is consistent with these findings?
- A. pelvic floor prolapse
- B. DES exposure
- C. vaginal septum
- D. bladder fistula
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: pelvic floor prolapse. This condition is characterized by weakening of the pelvic floor muscles and ligaments, leading to descent of pelvic organs such as the bladder into the vagina. The patient's symptoms of pelvic heaviness and sensation of something in her vagina are classic signs of pelvic floor prolapse. Examination findings of visible protrusion of the bladder into the anterior vaginal wall further support this diagnosis.
Explanation of incorrect choices:
B: DES exposure - This is not a structural disorder of the female reproductive system. DES exposure is associated with adverse effects on reproductive health but does not present with visible bladder protrusion.
C: Vaginal septum - This is a congenital anomaly where the vagina is divided by a septum. It does not typically present with bladder protrusion.
D: Bladder fistula - This is an abnormal connection between the bladder and another structure. While it can cause urinary symptoms, it does not typically present with visible bladder protrusion into the vagina.