Nokea
What is one function of water in the human body?
- A. Water provides calories for energy.
- B. Water helps transport nutrients and waste products.
- C. Water acts as a solvent for many biological reactions.
- D. Water maintains body temperature.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Water helps transport nutrients and waste products. Water plays a crucial role in the body by aiding in the transportation of essential nutrients to cells and removing waste products. While water is essential for various metabolic processes, it does not provide calories for energy (choice A). Although water can act as a solvent for biological reactions (choice C), its primary function is not as a solvent. Additionally, while water does help in regulating body temperature to some extent, its main role is not to maintain body temperature (choice D).
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Which individual is making a food choice based on negative association?
- A. A tourist from China who rejects a hamburger due to unfamiliarity
- B. A child who spits out his mashed potatoes because they taste too salty
- C. A teenager who grudgingly accepts an offer for an ice cream cone to avoid offending a close friend
- D. An elderly gentleman who refuses a peanut butter and jelly sandwich because he considers it a child's food
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Choice D is the correct answer because the elderly gentleman is refusing the peanut butter and jelly sandwich due to his negative association of considering it a child's food. This negative association influences his food choice. Choices A, B, and C do not involve negative associations with the food being consumed. Choice A is based on unfamiliarity, Choice B is due to taste preference, and Choice C is driven by social considerations rather than negative food association.
What is a common side effect of the antibiotic tetracycline in children?
- A. Discoloration of teeth
- B. Increased appetite
- C. Elevated blood glucose levels
- D. Decreased bone density
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Discoloration of teeth is a well-known side effect of tetracycline, especially when administered to children below 8 years of age. Tetracycline can bind to calcium ions in developing teeth, causing them to become discolored and appear yellow or brown. Increased appetite, elevated blood glucose levels, and decreased bone density are not commonly associated with the use of tetracycline in children, making them incorrect choices.
How should a healthcare provider address a child's nutritional needs with a lactose intolerance diagnosis?
- A. Recommend lactose-free dairy products
- B. Increase dairy intake
- C. Encourage high-fiber diet
- D. Use oral probiotics only
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In managing lactose intolerance in a child, recommending lactose-free dairy products is crucial. These products help address the child's nutritional needs without causing symptoms related to lactose consumption. Choice B is incorrect because increasing dairy intake would exacerbate symptoms in a lactose-intolerant individual as they cannot digest lactose properly. Choice C, encouraging a high-fiber diet, is not directly related to managing lactose intolerance and may not address the primary issue of lactose malabsorption. Choice D, using oral probiotics only, may not be sufficient to address the child's nutritional needs in case of lactose intolerance as the main concern is avoiding lactose-containing products.
Which nutrient is classified as a micronutrient?
- A. minerals
- B. proteins
- C. alcohols
- D. carbohydrates
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is minerals. Micronutrients are required by the body in smaller amounts compared to macronutrients like proteins and carbohydrates. Proteins are macronutrients necessary for growth and repair, not classified as micronutrients. Alcohols and carbohydrates are not classified as micronutrients either.
How should a healthcare professional address the concerns of parents about their child's developmental delay?
- A. Recommend immediate diagnostic testing
- B. Suggest waiting for natural development
- C. Provide information about early intervention services
- D. Advise on increasing physical activity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When addressing concerns about a child's developmental delay, providing information about early intervention services is crucial as it can facilitate timely support and resources. This option helps parents understand the available support systems and interventions for their child. Recommending immediate diagnostic testing may cause unnecessary anxiety without first exploring other supportive options. Suggesting waiting for natural development could result in missed opportunities for early intervention that are crucial for improving developmental outcomes. Advising on increasing physical activity is not directly related to addressing developmental delays and does not address the core issue of developmental delay.