Nokea
What is responsible for the formation of fingerprints?
- A. Dermal papillae
- B. Merkel cells
- C. Arrector pili
- D. Sudoriferous glands
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dermal papillae are responsible for the formation of fingerprints. These structures, located in the upper layer of the dermis, contain capillaries and nerve endings that shape the unique patterns on the fingertips. When the dermal papillae interact with the epidermis, they create the characteristic ridges and furrows found in fingerprints. Merkel cells are related to touch sensation, arrector pili muscles control hair follicle movements, and sudoriferous glands produce sweat.
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What force primarily drives filtration in the kidneys?
- A. osmosis
- B. smooth muscle contraction
- C. peristalsis
- D. blood pressure
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Filtration in the kidneys is primarily driven by blood pressure. The glomerulus filters blood under pressure, allowing small molecules and fluids to pass through into the renal tubules while retaining larger molecules like proteins. Osmosis, smooth muscle contraction, and peristalsis do play roles in kidney function, but blood pressure is the main force responsible for the initial filtration process.
Which organ is part of both the male reproductive system and the urinary system?
- A. Ureter.
- B. Testis.
- C. Epididymis.
- D. Urethra.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Which hormone is responsible for preparing the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy?
- A. FSH
- B. Estrogen
- C. LH
- D. Progesterone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Estrogen is the hormone responsible for initiating the preparation of the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy. Estrogen helps thicken the endometrial lining, which is crucial for the implantation of a fertilized egg. It plays a vital role in the menstrual cycle and is primarily produced by the ovaries.
Where does digestion begin in the digestive system?
- A. Small intestine
- B. Oral cavity
- C. Esophagus
- D. Sternum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Digestion begins in the oral cavity where food is broken down into smaller pieces by chewing and mixed with saliva containing enzymes that start the process of breaking down carbohydrates. This mixture of food and saliva then travels down the esophagus into the stomach for further digestion. The oral cavity is where the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food initiates, setting the stage for the rest of the digestive process.
What does the ceruminous gland secrete?
- A. Ear wax
- B. Keratin
- C. Mucus
- D. Oily sebum
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ceruminous gland, located in the ear canal, secretes ear wax, also known as cerumen. Ear wax plays a crucial role in protecting the ear canal by trapping dust and other particles, preventing them from reaching the delicate eardrum. Additionally, ear wax possesses antibacterial properties that aid in safeguarding the ear from potential infections. Therefore, the correct answer is A: Ear wax.