Nokea
Why are the hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes from the stomach unable to digest the stomach itself?
- A. The digestive enzymes in the stomach are too weak.
- B. Rugae lining of the stomach Is too tough to be attacked by digestive enzymes.
- C. Stomach wall is protected by large amounts of mucus.
- D. Stomach wall is composed of substances other than protein.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
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On what are macromolecules is the genetic code carried?
- A. Nucleotides
- B. Chromosomes
- C. DNA
- D. RNA
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The genetic code is carried on nucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA and RNA. Nucleotides contain the genetic information crucial for the functioning of organisms. While chromosomes, DNA, and RNA play roles in genetic processes, the genetic code specifically resides on nucleotides.
All actions of the nervous system depend on the transmission of nerve impulses over which of the following?
- A. Neuroglia
- B. Efferent pathways
- C. Afferent pathways
- D. Neurons
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nerve impulses are transmitted in the nervous system through neurons. Neurons are specialized cells responsible for transmitting electrical and chemical signals, known as nerve impulses. Neuroglia are supportive cells in the nervous system, efferent pathways carry signals away from the central nervous system, and afferent pathways carry signals towards the central nervous system. Therefore, neurons play a crucial role in transmitting nerve impulses, making them the correct answer.
Which anatomical structure houses the terminal bronchioles?
- A. Heart
- B. Lung.
- C. Diaphysis.
- D. Femur.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Which structure of the nervous system carries action potentials in the direction of a synapse?
- A. cell body
- B. axon
- C. neuron
- D. myelin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is the axon. The axon is a long, slender projection of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons, muscles, or glands. Action potentials travel along the axon to the axon terminals where they lead to the release of neurotransmitters at the synapse, allowing communication with other neurons or target cells. The cell body contains the nucleus and organelles of the neuron but does not transmit action potentials. Neurons are the functional unit of the nervous system composed of the cell body, dendrites, and axon. Myelin is a fatty substance that surrounds and insulates axons, helping to speed up the transmission of nerve impulses but does not carry action potentials towards the synapse.
Which structure is located on the sternum?
- A. Xiphoid bone
- B. Sesamoid bone
- C. Hyoid bone
- D. Ossified
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is the Xiphoid bone. The xiphoid process is a small cartilaginous extension at the lower end of the sternum. The Sesamoid bone is a small bone embedded within a tendon, typically found in joints. The Hyoid bone is a U-shaped bone in the neck that does not articulate with any other bone. 'Ossified' means turned into bone or hardened, but it does not specifically refer to a structure located on the sternum.