Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomy and Physiology Related

Review Anatomy and Physiology related questions and content

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

  • A. To digest food
  • B. To control body movement
  • C. To transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
  • D. To circulate blood
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary function of the respiratory system is to transport oxygen from the air into the body and remove carbon dioxide from the body. Oxygen is necessary for cells to produce energy through a process called cellular respiration, and carbon dioxide is a waste product that needs to be eliminated. Therefore, the correct answer is C, 'To transport oxygen and carbon dioxide.' Digesting food (choice A) is the primary function of the digestive system, controlling body movement (choice B) is the role of the muscular system, and circulating blood (choice D) is the function of the circulatory system.

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Where would the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs be found?

  • A. Thoracic cavity
  • B. Mediastinum
  • C. Abdominal cavity
  • D. Pelvic cavity
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs are located in the pelvic cavity. The pelvic cavity is the region of the body that houses these structures, providing protection and support for their functions. The thoracic cavity contains organs such as the heart and lungs, the mediastinum is the area between the lungs that contains the heart, major blood vessels, and other structures, while the abdominal cavity houses organs like the stomach, liver, and intestines.

What type of synovial joint is the elbow?

  • A. Pivot
  • B. Hinge
  • C. Ball and socket
  • D. Toddle
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hinge. The elbow joint is classified as a hinge joint because of its structure and movement capabilities. Hinge joints allow movement in only one plane, similar to a door hinge, enabling flexion and extension movements. In contrast, pivot joints allow rotational movement, ball and socket joints offer a wide range of motion in multiple directions, and toddle is not a recognized joint type.

How many different types of tissues are there in the human body?

  • A. four
  • B. six
  • C. eight
  • D. ten
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The human body is composed of four main types of tissues: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, connective tissue provides support and structure, muscle tissue allows movement, and nervous tissue coordinates body activities through electrical signals. Therefore, the correct answer is four.

Which stratum of the epidermis is found only in thick skin?

  • A. Lucidum.
  • B. Corneum.
  • C. Basale.
  • D. Granulosum.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale:

The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the middle region of the humerus. What is he describing?

  • A. Epiphysis
  • B. Articular cartilage
  • C. Perichondrium
  • D. Diaphysis
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Diaphysis. The humerus is a long bone consisting of a shaft known as the diaphysis. The diaphysis is the middle region of a long bone, while the epiphysis refers to the ends of the long bone. Articular cartilage is the smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints, and the perichondrium is the connective tissue covering the cartilage.

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