Nokea
What is the antidote for copper toxicity?
- A. Glucagon
- B. Aminocaproic acid
- C. Atropine
- D. Penicillamine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Penicillamine. Penicillamine is a chelating agent that binds to copper and forms a complex that can be excreted from the body, making it an effective antidote for copper toxicity. Glucagon (A) is used for treating hypoglycemia, aminocaproic acid (B) is used to treat excessive bleeding, and atropine (C) is used to treat bradycardia and organophosphate poisoning, none of which are related to copper toxicity.
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Which of the following drugs is associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome?
- A. Valproic acid
- B. Quinidine
- C. Isoniazid
- D. Ethosuximide
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Ethosuximide is the correct answer as it is a known trigger for Stevens-Johnson syndrome due to its association with hypersensitivity reactions.
Step 2: Valproic acid can cause liver toxicity but is not typically linked to Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Step 3: Quinidine is associated with drug-induced lupus but not commonly known to cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Step 4: Isoniazid is linked to drug-induced hepatitis but not typically associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
In summary, Ethosuximide is the correct choice due to its well-documented association with Stevens-Johnson syndrome, while the other options are linked to different adverse effects.
Which of the following conditions is not treated with Lansoprazole?
- A. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
- B. Gastritis
- C. Hypertension
- D. Reflux
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Lansoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to reduce stomach acid production. Hypertension is a condition related to high blood pressure and is not treated with Lansoprazole. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, gastritis, and reflux are all conditions that can be treated with Lansoprazole due to its ability to reduce stomach acid. Therefore, choice C is the correct answer.
Which of the following is not a side effect associated with Prednisone toxicity?
- A. Cataracts
- B. Hypotension
- C. Psychosis
- D. Acne
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypotension. Prednisone toxicity typically causes hypertension, not hypotension. Prednisone can lead to increased blood pressure due to its sodium-retaining effects. Cataracts (A), Psychosis (C), and Acne (D) are all known side effects of Prednisone toxicity. Cataracts can form due to long-term steroid use, psychosis can occur especially at higher doses, and acne is a common skin side effect. Therefore, hypotension is the odd one out among the choices given.
In which of the following cases is Lansoprazole not used?
- A. Gastritis
- B. Peptic Ulcers
- C. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
- D. Thalamus hypertrophy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: Lansoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to treat conditions related to excess stomach acid. Thalamus hypertrophy is not a condition affecting stomach acid production, making it unrelated to Lansoprazole use. A: Gastritis, B: Peptic Ulcers, and C: Zollinger-Ellison syndrome all involve excessive stomach acid secretion, hence Lansoprazole is used in these cases. Thalamus hypertrophy does not involve stomach acid issues, making it the correct answer.
Which of the following conditions is not treated with Methotrexate?
- A. Sarcomas
- B. Leukemias
- C. Ectopic pregnancy
- D. Rheumatic fever
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Rheumatic fever. Methotrexate is not typically used to treat rheumatic fever as it is an autoimmune inflammatory condition, not typically responsive to Methotrexate. Methotrexate is commonly used to treat sarcomas, leukemias, and ectopic pregnancies due to its ability to inhibit cell proliferation. Sarcomas and leukemias are types of cancers, while ectopic pregnancy is a condition where a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus.