What is the author's likely purpose in writing this passage about Queen Victoria?
- A. To persuade the reader to appreciate the accomplishments of Queen Victoria, especially when placed against the failures of her forebears.
- B. To introduce the historical impact of the Victorian Era by introducing to readers the queen who gave that era its name.
- C. To explain how small events in history placed an unlikely princess in line to become the queen of England.
- D. To indicate the role that King George III's many sons played in changing the history of England.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The author's purpose in writing this passage is to explain how small events in history led to an unlikely princess, Princess Alexandrina Victoria, becoming the queen of England. The passage discusses the family background of Queen Victoria and how a series of events, including the lack of legitimate heirs from King George III's sons, ultimately paved the way for her ascension to the throne. Choice A is incorrect because the passage is more focused on presenting historical events rather than persuading readers to appreciate Queen Victoria's accomplishments. Choice B is also incorrect as the passage does mention the Victorian Era but is primarily centered around Queen Victoria's personal journey to the throne. Choice D is incorrect as the passage does briefly mention King George III's sons, but it does not primarily focus on their role in changing the history of England.
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What is the author's tone in the passage?
- A. The author's tone is optimistic.
- B. The author's tone is pessimistic.
- C. The author's tone is matter-of-fact.
- D. The author's tone is angry.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The author's tone in the passage is matter-of-fact. The text provides practical suggestions and advice in a straightforward manner, focusing on actions without expressing emotions or bias. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the author does not show signs of being optimistic, pessimistic, or angry; instead, the author presents information objectively and neutrally.
What is the instructor's main purpose in writing this email to his students?
- A. To criticize students for their poor performance on the recent essay exam
- B. To motivate students to persevere despite setbacks
- C. To offer students a chance to improve their scores and avoid failing the course
- D. To acknowledge the difficulty of the essay exam for most students
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The instructor's main purpose in writing the email is to provide students with opportunities to improve their scores and avoid failing the course. The email outlines different options for extra credit projects that can help students make up for the low scores they received on the essay exam. This shows that the instructor is focused on helping students succeed rather than criticizing them (choice A), motivating them (choice B), or acknowledging the difficulty of the exam (choice D).
Assuming this statement is true, which of the answer choices is a logical conclusion?
- A. Whole language is more effective at teaching people to read than phonics.
- B. Phonics is more effective at teaching people to read than whole language.
- C. Literacy rates will probably continue to decline over the next 15 years.
- D. The definition of what it means to be literate is much stricter now.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If we consider the information provided in the extract that literacy rates were higher when phonics was predominantly used and have declined since whole language programs became more popular, it logically follows that phonics is more effective at teaching people to read than whole language. Choice A is incorrect as the extract suggests the opposite. Choice C cannot be concluded based on the information provided; it is an assumption beyond the scope of the data. Choice D is also unrelated to the information given and does not logically follow from the provided statement.
Which of the following quotes offers the best summary for the instructor's motive in sending the email to the students?
- A. By now, many of you have probably seen your grade and are a little concerned. (And if you're not concerned, you should be-at least a bit!)
- B. With each class comes a new challenge, however, and as any good instructor will tell you, sometimes the original plan has to change.
- C. The purpose of the group project is to allow students to work together and arrive at a stronger response than if each worked individually.
- D. At the beginning of the semester, I informed the class that I have a strict grading policy and that all scores will stand unquestioned.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. This quote best captures the instructor's motive in the email to adjust the original plan to better support the students. Dr. Edwards is offering alternative options, including extra credit projects and a group project, to help students improve their scores after the essay exam. These options aim to provide students with opportunities to enhance their grades and succeed in the course. Choice A focuses on students feeling concerned about their grades but does not address the instructor's motive. Choice C highlights the purpose of the group project but does not capture the instructor's motive for sending the email. Choice D emphasizes the instructor's strict grading policy but does not explain the motive behind offering alternative ways to improve scores.
Which of the answer choices best describes the appropriateness of Mara's data sample?
- A. The sample is biased because it only includes teachers who are immersed in the technology field.
- B. The sample is biased because the sample size is too small.
- C. The sample is biased because the sample size is too large.
- D. The sample is not biased and is appropriate for the study.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Mara's data sample is biased because it only includes teachers who are immersed in the technology field, specifically those teaching a computer software course. This limits the perspectives gathered, leading to skewed results. Choice B is incorrect because the issue lies in the sample composition, not its size. Choice C is incorrect as a large sample size does not necessarily indicate bias. Choice D is incorrect as the sample's bias compromises the study's validity.