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What is the best response by the nurse when explaining biofeedback to a client?
- A. It is a spiritual practice that combines exercise with mental focus.
- B. It is beneficial in expressing feelings.
- C. It allows a reduction of symptoms through voluntary control measures.
- D. It requires the use of machines in a controlled environment. EGFR: p. 94, Biofeedback NAT: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Apply
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Biofeedback is a technique in which an individual voluntarily controls physiologic function. Yoga is the spiritual practice that combines exercise with mental focus. Music and art are ways to express feelings. Initially, biofeedback uses a machine but eventually the client can alter physiologic response at will.
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Following antibiotic treatment, a client has developed diarrhea. Which is an appropriate complementary treatment for this client?
- A. Prebiotic
- B. Ethnobotanical
- C. Probiotic
- D. Peppermint oil
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Probiotics are microorganisms that exert beneficial health effects, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium infantis, which can lower the frequency or duration of diarrhea. Prebiotics include nondigestible food ingredients such as dietary fiber that enhance or maintain the growth of probiotic intestinal bacteria. Peppermint, a botanical oil, is helpful in decreasing nausea. Ethnobotanicals are plants that grow in a region where specific groups of people live and are used for food, clothing, shelter, and medicine.
In which of the following therapies is it believed that the practitioner gathers knowledge about the disease and its cure from a higher power?
- A. Herbal therapy
- B. Ayurveda
- C. Native American/First Nations system
- D. Chinese medicine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the Native American/First Nations system of medicine, the shaman or medicine man or woman goes into a trance and communicates with a higher power to gather knowledge about the disease and its remedy. Herbal therapy uses herbs with medicinal value, and Ayurveda and Chinese medicine do not involve shamans and such spiritual practices.
Which key information can the nurse provide to the client regarding the health-related benefits of herbals and botanicals? Select all that apply.
- A. Certain herbs can interact with prescription drugs.
- B. No one should take herbs while acutely ill.
- C. Herbs can mimic disease symptoms.
- D. Not all herbs are safe.
- E. Herbs are regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
- F. Only natural herbs are safe.
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Herbal therapy is one of the greatest risk factors for adverse effects when combined with other conventional drugs. Some herbs have been placed on the 'unsafe' list due to known impurities and adverse effects, even though all herbs are considered natural. Herbs can be used to treat some acute illnesses. Herbal therapy is not regulated by the FDA.
The nurse is concerned when the prothrombin time (PT) for a client receiving warfarin is fluctuating beyond normal range. The client also takes several herbal supplements. The nurse suspects which supplement to be the cause of this elevation?
- A. Garlic
- B. Saw palmetto
- C. Kava
- D. Capsicum
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Combining garlic with other anticoagulants can prolong bleeding. Saw palmetto is used to treat enlarged prostate and has no effects on bleeding. Kava is used to treat anxiety and stress and does not affect bleeding. Capsicum is used to relieve neuralgic and bladder pain, and as an antipruritic for psoriasis.
A client is suffering from stress and tension of the neck and muscles. What manipulative therapy can the nurse suggest that will apply pressure and movement to soft tissues?
- A. Chiropractic
- B. Shiatsu
- C. Massage therapy
- D. Yoga
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Massage therapy involves applying pressure and movement to stretch and knead soft body tissues. Chiropractic theory proposes that subluxation (misalignment) of the spinal vertebrae alters nerve activities that regulate body functions in distant organs. Shiatsu is similar to acupressure and acupuncture. Yoga does not involve applying pressure to soft tissues.