Nokea
What is the family pattern in which the adult members function as equals?
- A. Autocratic family pattern
- B. Patriarchal family pattern
- C. Matriarchal family pattern
- D. Democratic family pattern
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the democratic family pattern, the adult members function as equals. Children are treated with respect and recognized as individuals. This style encourages joint decision making, and it recognizes and supports the uniqueness of each individual member. This family pattern favors negotiation, compromise, and growth.
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When a mother asks the nurse about introducing solid foods into the child's diet which of the following would be the best answer?
- A. "Introduce meat first."
- B. "Introduce one solid food at a time several days apart."
- C. "Introduce solid foods by mixing two or three foods together."
- D. "Introduce solid foods by adding strained food to the infant's bottle."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best advice is to introduce one solid at a time, allowing several days between. Cereals should be introduced first, followed by fruits and vegetables. Meats should be introduced last. Avoid mixing foods to allow the infant to develop an interest in different tastes. Strained foods should not be added to a bottle.
What is the average apical heart rate for a 2-month-old infant?
- A. 80 beats/min
- B. 100 beats/min
- C. 120 beats/min
- D. 150 beats/min
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: At 2 months of age, the average apical rate is about 120 beats/min.
A 58-year-old male is concerned about some hearing loss he is experiencing. The nurse recognizes that this might be due to a sensory change of this age group known as which of the following?
- A. Presbycusis
- B. Otitis externa
- C. Presbyopia
- D. Otitis media
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Presbycusis is a normal age-related loss of hearing. Otitis externa and otitis media are infections of the ear. Presbyopia is a condition in which it becomes difficult to focus on objects nearby.
A mother asks the nurse when she should introduce solid foods into her infant's diet. What would be the most correct response?
- A. Introduce fruits and vegetables first.
- B. Mix foods to allow the infant variety.
- C. Introduce only one new food at a time.
- D. Introduce new foods at 24-hour intervals.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Only one new food should be introduced at a time, followed by several days between new foods. Cereals should be introduced first, followed by fruits and vegetables, and last meats. Food should not be mixed to allow the infant to develop interest in different foods and tastes.
A child who is able to use a systematic scientific problem-solving approach is in which of the Piaget's stages of cognitive development?
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational thought
- C. Formal operational thought
- D. Concrete operational thought
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Piaget's formal operational stage of cognitive development includes the ability to use a systematic, scientific problem-solving approach.