What is the goal of pharmacologic therapy in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease?
- A. To increase the amount of acetylcholine at the pre-synaptic neurons
- B. To reduce the amount of dopamine available in the substantia nigra
- C. To balance cholinergic and dopaminergic activity in the brain
- D. To block dopamine receptors in pre-synaptic and post-synaptic neurons
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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Children exposed to second-hand tobacco smoke have increased frequency of
- A. middle ear effusions
- B. bacterial respiratory illnesses
- C. otitis externa
- D. sinusitis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
One of the following drugs is not used during resuscitation:
- A. Atropine
- B. Bicarbonate
- C. Digitalis
- D. Epinephrine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
After being in remission from Hodgkin's disease for 18 months, a client develops a fever of unknown origin. The physician orders a blind liver biopsy to rule out advancing Hodgkin'sdisease and infection. Twenty-four hours after the biopsy, the client has a fever, complains of severe abdominal pain, and seems increasingly confused. The nurse suspects that these finding result from:
- A. Bleeding in the liver caused by the liver biopsy.
- B. Perforation of the colon caused by the liver biopsy.
- C. An allergic reaction to the contrast media used during liver biopsy.
- D. Normal post procedural pain, with a change in the level of consciousness resulting from the preexisting fever.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The symptoms of fever, severe abdominal pain, and increasing confusion following a liver biopsy are indicative of a potential complication such as bleeding in the liver caused by the biopsy. Hepatic bleeding can lead to abdominal pain and can cause a change in the level of consciousness. These symptoms should prompt immediate medical attention to address the bleeding and prevent further complications. Perforation of the colon, an allergic reaction to contrast media, or normal post-procedural pain would not typically present with these specific symptoms in this context.
All the following are recognizable teratogens EXCEPT
- A. ethanol
- B. antiepileptic medications
- C. toxoplasmosis
- D. hypothermia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Which best describes the electrolyte imbalance in chronic renal failure (CRF)?
- A. Decreased serum phosphorus and calcium levels.
- B. Calcium and phosphorus are drawn from the bones due to hypocalcemia.
- C. Calcium remains in the bones due to structural change.
- D. Poor nutrition causes overall electrolyte depletion.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.