Nokea
What is the Guthrie blood test use to diagnose in the newborn?
- A. Down syndrome
- B. Isoimmunization
- C. PKU
- D. Congenital hypothyroidism (CH)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Guthrie blood test, also known as the newborn screening test, is used to diagnose phenylketonuria (PKU) in newborns. PKU is an inherited metabolic disorder in which the body cannot properly process the amino acid phenylalanine. If left untreated, PKU can lead to intellectual disabilities and other serious health problems. The Guthrie blood test is a simple and effective way to detect PKU early so that treatment can begin promptly to prevent complications.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which chromosomal abnormality is often characteristic of infantile ALL?
- A. t(4;11)
- B. t(12;21)
- C. t(9;22)
- D. t(1;19)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The t(4;11) translocation is commonly found in infantile ALL and is associated with a poor prognosis.
Which is an important nursing consideration when chest tubes will be removed from a child?
- A. Explain that it is not painful.
- B. Explain that only a Band-Aid will be needed.
- C. Administer analgesics before the procedure.
- D. Expect bright red drainage for several hours after removal.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering analgesics before removing chest tubes from a child is an important nursing consideration because the procedure may cause pain or discomfort. While it is ideal to minimize pain during and after the removal, it is essential to anticipate the possibility of discomfort and provide appropriate pain management to ensure the child's comfort and well-being. By administering analgesics before the procedure, nurses can help alleviate any potential pain and promote a more positive experience for the child.
Several days before admission, a client reports finding a small lump in the left breast near the nipple. What should the nurse tell the client to do?
- A. Inform the physician immediately
- B. Check the area after the next menstrual
- C. Squeeze the nipple to check for period
- D. Put a heating pad on the area to reduce inflammation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should advise the client to inform the physician immediately. Finding a lump in the breast near the nipple can be concerning as it might indicate a potential issue like breast cancer. Prompt assessment by a healthcare provider is essential for proper evaluation and timely intervention if needed. It is crucial not to delay seeking medical attention for any breast abnormalities to ensure early detection and management of any possible health conditions.
When assessing a female adolescent for scoliosis, what should the nurse ask the client to do?
- A. Bend forward at the waist with arms hanging freely.
- B. Lie flat on the floor and extend her legs straight from the trunk.
- C. Sit in a chair while lifting her feet and legs to a right angle with the trunk.
- D. Stand against a wall while pressing the length of her back against the wall.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When assessing a female adolescent for scoliosis, the nurse should ask the client to bend forward at the waist with arms hanging freely. This Adams forward bend test allows the nurse to evaluate the spine for any asymmetry, curvature, or rib hump that may indicate scoliosis. By observing the alignment of the spine while the client is in a forward bent position, the nurse can gather important information to determine if further evaluation or referral to a healthcare provider is necessary.
Which of the ff nursing interventions should a nurse perform when caring for a client with congestive heart failure who has decreased cardiac output?
- A. Encourage activities that engage the Valsalva maneuver
- B. Encourage the client to perform exercises
- C. Assess apical heart before administering digitalis
- D. Offer small frequent feedings
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Decreased cardiac output is a serious concern in clients with congestive heart failure. By assessing the apical heart rate before administering digitalis, the nurse can monitor the client's cardiac status and prevent possible complications such as digitalis toxicity. Digitalis is a medication commonly used to improve cardiac output in clients with heart failure, but it can also cause harm if given inappropriately, especially if the client's heart rate is already low. Monitoring the client's apical heart rate before giving digitalis helps ensure that the medication is safely administered and that the client's cardiac status is closely monitored. This intervention is crucial in the care of clients with congestive heart failure to optimize patient safety and outcomes.