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What is the importance of obtaining informed consent for a number of contraceptive methods?
- A. Contraception is an invasive procedure that requires hospitalization.
- B. The method may require a surgical procedure to insert a device.
- C. The contraception method chosen may be unreliable.
- D. The method chosen has potentially dangerous side effects.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It's essential to provide informed consent as some contraceptive methods carry side effects or risks, allowing the client to make an educated choice regarding the method.
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A nurse is caring for a client who is pregnant for the fourth time. The client delivered two full-term newborns and had one spontaneous abortion at 10 weeks of gestation. The nurse should document the client's obstetrical history as which of the following?
- A. Gravida 3, Para 2
- B. Gravida 3, Para 3
- C. Gravida 4, Para 2
- D. Gravida 4, Para 3
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gravida refers to total pregnancies (4), and Para refers to births after 20 weeks (2 full-term deliveries). The spontaneous abortion does not count in para.
The nurse is reviewing the principles of family-centered care with a primiparous patient. Which patient statement will the nurse need to correct?
- A. “Remaining focused on my family will help benefit me and my baby.”
- B. “Most of the time, childbirth is uncomplicated and a healthy event for the family.”
- C. “Because childbirth is normal, after my baby’s birth our family dynamics will not N R I G B.C M U S N T O change.”
- D. “With correct information, I am able to make decisions regarding my health care while I am pregnant.”
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it is important for the nurse to clarify that childbirth can indeed bring about changes in family dynamics, as adding a new member can impact relationships and roles. This is a key principle of family-centered care. Choice A emphasizes the importance of family support, which aligns with the concept. Choice B highlights the commonality of uncomplicated childbirth, which is also relevant. Choice D emphasizes the patient's autonomy in decision-making, which is another important aspect of family-centered care.
A client's oncologist has just finished explaining the diagnostic workup results to her, and she still has questions. The woman states, 'The physician says I have a slow-growing cancer. Very few cells are dividing. How does she know this?' What is the name of the test that gave the health care provider this information?
- A. Tumor ploidy
- B. S-phase index
- C. Nuclear grade
- D. Estrogen-receptor assay
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The S-phase index measures the number of cells in the synthesis phase of cell development. If the number of cells noted is high the cancer is growing quickly. In this case the low index suggests slow growth.
The nurse provides education to a client about to undergo external radiation therapy. Which statement by the client reassures the nurse that the teaching has been effective?
- A. I am using ointment to keep my skin from drying out.
- B. I wash the irradiated area with deodorant soap.
- C. My diet is high in protein, and I drink at least 2000 ml of fluid a day.
- D. I wash off the markings for the radiation site after each treatment.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To maintain good nutrition, the woman should eat high-protein meals or use protein supplements and should have a high daily fluid intake of 2 to 3 L. The woman is counseled about good skin care and taught to avoid soaps, ointments, cosmetics, and deodorants because these may contain metals that would alter the radiation dose she receives.
Which actions by the nurse indicate compliance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)? (Select all that apply.)
- A. The nurse posts an update about a patient on Facebook.
- B. The nurse gives the report to the oncoming nurse in a private area.
- C. The nurse gives information about the patient’s status over the phone to the patient’s friend.
- D. The nurse logs off any computer screen showing patient data before leaving the computer unattended.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because giving the report to the oncoming nurse in a private area ensures patient information is shared securely, maintaining patient confidentiality as required by HIPAA. Posting patient updates on social media (A) violates patient privacy. Sharing patient information with a friend (C) breaches confidentiality. Leaving computer screens unattended with patient data visible (D) risks unauthorized access. B is the only choice that aligns with HIPAA regulations by prioritizing patient privacy and security.