Nokea
What is the primary function of the large intestine?
- A. absorbing nutrients
- B. absorbing water and electrolytes
- C. digesting proteins
- D. secreting digestive enzymes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary function of the large intestine is to absorb water and electrolytes from the indigestible food residue passed from the small intestine. This absorption process helps in forming solid waste (feces) and maintaining body fluid balance. Absorbing nutrients (Option A) primarily occurs in the small intestine. Digesting proteins (Option C) mainly takes place in the stomach and small intestine. The secretion of digestive enzymes (Option D) also primarily occurs in the stomach and small intestine, not in the large intestine. Therefore, the correct answer is B.
You may also like to solve these questions
In planning the post-operative care for a morbidly obese client, how can the expertise of the LPN/LVN best be applied?
- A. Obtain an oversized blood pressure cuff and a large-size bed.
- B. Set up a reinforced trapeze bar.
- C. Assist in the planning of bathing, turning, and ambulation.
- D. Design alternatives for routine tasks such as daily weights.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because LPN/LVNs can assist in planning bathing, turning, and ambulation for a morbidly obese client. This is crucial in preventing complications such as pressure ulcers, deep vein thrombosis, and respiratory issues. LPN/LVNs can provide physical support and guidance to ensure the client's safety and comfort during these activities.
Choice A is incorrect because obtaining oversized equipment is not the primary role of LPN/LVNs. Choice B is also incorrect as setting up a reinforced trapeze bar is more of a facility management task. Choice D is incorrect as designing alternatives for routine tasks is not within the scope of practice for LPN/LVNs.
Which of the following statements correctly describes GABA (gamma-amino butyric acid)?
- A. GABA is released at the presynaptic terminal to inhibit dopamine release
- B. GABA is released by GABA neurons and blocks propagation of the dopamine-triggered signal in the post synapse
- C. heroin and morphine stimulate GABA release
- D. all of the above are true
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: Choice B is correct because GABA is indeed released by GABA neurons and acts to inhibit the propagation of signals triggered by dopamine in the post-synaptic neuron. GABA functions as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Choices A and C are incorrect. Choice A is inaccurate because GABA inhibits the release of dopamine, not the other way around. Choice C is incorrect as heroin and morphine act on opioid receptors, not GABA receptors. Choice D is incorrect because not all statements are true.
Bile facilitates digestion by causing the _____ of fats.
- A. hydrolysis
- B. digestion
- C. catalysis
- D. emulsification
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bile facilitates digestion by emulsifying fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets for better absorption. Emulsification increases the surface area of fats for enzymes to work on. Hydrolysis (A) is the breakdown of molecules by adding water, not specific to fats. Digestion (B) is a general term encompassing all processes, not specific to fats. Catalysis (C) refers to the process of speeding up chemical reactions but doesn't specifically relate to fats like emulsification does.
Which of the following is not a part of the small intestine?
- A. Duodenum
- B. Jejunum
- C. Ileum
- D. Colon
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Colon. The colon is not a part of the small intestine; it is part of the large intestine. The small intestine consists of three parts: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The duodenum is the first segment of the small intestine, followed by the jejunum and then the ileum. The colon, also known as the large intestine, comes after the small intestine in the digestive system. Therefore, the colon is not a part of the small intestine, making choice D the correct answer.
Which one of the following does not occur during swallowing?
- A. The larynx raises.
- B. The epiglottis moves anteriorly to close the glottis.
- C. The uvula and soft palate move inferiorly to block the oropharynx.
- D. The vestibular folds move medially.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the uvula and soft palate actually move superiorly, not inferiorly, during swallowing to close off the nasopharynx and prevent food or liquid from entering the nasal cavity. A) The larynx raises to prevent food from entering the trachea. B) The epiglottis moves anteriorly to cover the glottis and prevent aspiration. D) The vestibular folds move laterally to help seal off the airway during swallowing.