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What is the primary goal of using a forceps-assisted delivery?
- A. to assist with fetal descent
- B. to provide immediate relief of shoulder dystocia
- C. to help expel the placenta
- D. to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary goal of using forceps in delivery is to help expel the placenta. Forceps are not typically used to assist with fetal descent, provide immediate relief of shoulder dystocia, or avoid unnecessary surgical interventions. Forceps are specifically designed to aid in the safe and efficient removal of the placenta after the baby has been delivered. This minimizes the risk of postpartum hemorrhage and other complications.
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The nurse is educating a pregnant patient about the signs of preterm labor. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
- A. Frequent, regular contractions every 10 minutes or less.
- B. Decreased fetal movement and back pain.
- C. Mild cramping and occasional vaginal spotting.
- D. Headaches and blurred vision, especially after physical activity.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Frequent, regular contractions every 10 minutes or less are a key sign of preterm labor, indicating the uterus is contracting and potentially dilating prematurely.
Step 2: This pattern of contractions can lead to preterm delivery and requires immediate medical attention to prevent complications for both the mother and the baby.
Step 3: Decreased fetal movement and back pain (Option B) are not specific signs of preterm labor but can indicate other issues that need evaluation.
Step 4: Mild cramping and occasional vaginal spotting (Option C) can be normal in pregnancy and may not always indicate preterm labor.
Step 5: Headaches and blurred vision (Option D) are more indicative of conditions like preeclampsia rather than preterm labor.
A nurse is assessing a postpartum person's pain level following a cesarean section. What is the most appropriate intervention for pain management?
- A. administer IV fluids
- B. administer narcotics
- C. perform gentle uterine massage
- D. perform gentle fundal massage
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: perform gentle uterine massage. This intervention is appropriate as it helps to stimulate uterine contractions, which can reduce postpartum bleeding and pain. Uterine massage also helps to promote involution of the uterus, aiding in the recovery process. Administering IV fluids (A) may be necessary but does not directly address pain management. Administering narcotics (B) may provide pain relief but should be used judiciously due to potential side effects. Performing gentle fundal massage (D) is not recommended as it may cause discomfort and is not as effective in managing post-cesarean pain compared to uterine massage.
What factor should the nurse consider when counseling a Chinese immigrant?
- A. Many Chinese eat little protein
- B. Many Chinese believe in eating cold foods
- C. Many Chinese are prone to anemia
- D. Many Chinese believe strawberries cause birth defects
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cultural beliefs, such as the idea that strawberries might cause birth defects, should be considered to provide culturally sensitive care.
A nurse is teaching a lesson on fetal development to a class of high school students and explains the primary germ layers. What are the germ layers? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Ectoderm
- B. Endoderm
- C. Mesoderm
- D. Plastoderm
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The zygote transforms its embryonic disc into three layers: the ectoderm, the mesoderm, and the endoderm. These layers are responsible for the development of various tissues and organs in the body. Plastoderm and Blastoderm are not part of the primary germ layers.
A woman states that she frequently awakens with 'painful leg cramps' during the night. Which of the following assessments should the nurse make?
- A. Dietary evaluation.
- B. Goodell’s sign.
- C. Hegar’s sign.
- D. Posture evaluation.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Leg cramps during pregnancy are often related to dietary deficiencies, particularly calcium and magnesium. A dietary evaluation is the most appropriate assessment.