ATI Capstone Adult Medical Surgical Assessment 2

ATI Capstone Adult Medical Surgical Assessment 2 Related

Review ATI Capstone Adult Medical Surgical Assessment 2 related questions and content

What is the priority action for a patient with chest pain from acute coronary syndrome?

  • A. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin
  • B. Check the patient's cardiac enzymes
  • C. Administer aspirin
  • D. Obtain IV access
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to administer sublingual nitroglycerin. This medication helps dilate the blood vessels, reducing the workload of the heart and improving blood flow to the heart muscle, which is crucial in the management of acute coronary syndrome. Checking cardiac enzymes (choice B) is important for diagnosing a heart attack but is not the priority over providing immediate relief to the patient's chest pain. Administering aspirin (choice C) is also important in acute coronary syndrome to prevent further clot formation, but it is not the priority action for immediate pain relief. Obtaining IV access (choice D) is necessary for administering medications or fluids; however, in this scenario, providing sublingual nitroglycerin for prompt pain relief takes precedence.

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What ECG changes are associated with hyperkalemia?

  • A. Flattened T waves
  • B. ST depression
  • C. Prominent U waves
  • D. Elevated ST segments
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hyperkalemia is known to cause ST depression on an ECG. Flattened T waves are more commonly seen in hypokalemia. Prominent U waves are associated with hypokalemia rather than hyperkalemia. Elevated ST segments are not typical findings in hyperkalemia.

What symptoms are associated with a thrombotic stroke?

  • A. Gradual loss of function on one side of the body
  • B. Sudden loss of consciousness
  • C. Loss of motor function with nausea
  • D. Severe headache and vomiting
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A thrombotic stroke presents with a gradual loss of function on one side of the body due to a clot blocking blood flow to the brain. This gradual onset distinguishes it from a hemorrhagic stroke with sudden symptoms like loss of consciousness (Choice B), and from other conditions like migraine, which may present with severe headache and vomiting (Choice D). Nausea (Choice C) is not typically a primary symptom associated with a thrombotic stroke.

What are the manifestations of osteomyelitis?

  • A. Localized pain, swelling, erythema
  • B. Elevated white blood cells
  • C. Elevated calcium levels
  • D. Low potassium levels
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Osteomyelitis often manifests as localized pain, swelling, and erythema due to infection in the bone. These symptoms are characteristic of inflammation and infection in the bone tissue. Elevated white blood cells (Choice B) may be present as part of the body's immune response to the infection but are not specific manifestations of osteomyelitis. Elevated calcium levels (Choice C) and low potassium levels (Choice D) are not typically associated with osteomyelitis.

What should be done when continuous bubbling is observed in the chest tube water seal chamber?

  • A. Tighten the connections of the chest tube system
  • B. Replace the chest tube system
  • C. Clamp the chest tube
  • D. Continue to monitor the chest tube
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When continuous bubbling is observed in the chest tube water seal chamber, the appropriate action is to tighten the connections of the chest tube system. This may resolve an air leak that is causing the continuous bubbling. Option B, replacing the chest tube system, is not the initial step to take and is considered more invasive. Clamping the chest tube (option C) can lead to complications and should not be done unless instructed by a healthcare provider. Continuing to monitor the chest tube (option D) without taking any corrective action may delay necessary interventions.

What is the expected finding in a patient with compartment syndrome?

  • A. Unrelieved pain, pallor, and pulselessness
  • B. Localized swelling and redness
  • C. Numbness and tingling
  • D. Fever and infection
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In a patient with compartment syndrome, the expected finding includes unrelieved pain, pallor, and pulselessness. These are classic signs of compartment syndrome and indicate compromised blood flow and tissue perfusion, necessitating urgent intervention. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because localized swelling and redness, numbness and tingling, as well as fever and infection, are not typical findings associated with compartment syndrome.

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