Nokea
What is the purpose of a tracheostomy. To _______.
- A. Establish an airway
- B. Monitor respiratory functions
- C. Establish a pathway for nutrition
- D. Maintain the patency of the airway
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The purpose of a tracheostomy is to establish an artificial airway in the trachea through a surgical procedure. This is done to bypass obstructions in the upper airway, assist with breathing, or facilitate the removal of secretions from the lungs. A tracheostomy helps in maintaining a clear and secure airway for patients who have difficulty breathing or require long-term mechanical ventilation support.
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What is the appropriate sequence of steps in the assessment of a conscious trauma patient?
- A. Airway, breathing, circulation, disability, exposure (ABCDE).
- B. Circulation, airway, breathing, disability, exposure (CABDE).
- C. Breathing, airway, circulation, disability, exposure (BACDE).
- D. Exposure, disability, circulation, airway, breathing (EDCAB).
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The appropriate sequence of steps in the assessment of a conscious trauma patient is the ABCDE approach, which stands for Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, and Exposure.
The unit manager the planning to take her regular official business leave for the year. She has written a letter of recommendation to her Immediate supervisor for her assistant unit manager to assume her position while she is on leave. This is an example of delegation by _____.
- A. rank
- B. succession
- C. authority
- D. authority
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Delegation by succession involves passing on responsibility and authority to a designated successor when the delegator is temporarily unavailable. In this scenario, the unit manager is planning to take her regular official business leave and has recommended her assistant unit manager to assume her position during her absence. This act follows the principle of succession, where the deputy or next in line is entrusted with the duties and decision-making power of the manager. This ensures a smooth transition of responsibilities and allows the operations to continue efficiently in the manager's absence.
A patient with a severe fungal infection demonstrates impaired neutrophil function. Which of the following cellular processes is most likely to be affected in this patient?
- A. Phagocytosis
- B. Antibody production
- C. Cytokine secretion
- D. Mast cell degranulation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in immune defense against pathogens, particularly in phagocytosis - the process by which they engulf and destroy invading microorganisms. In a severe fungal infection, impaired neutrophil function would most likely affect their ability to effectively perform phagocytosis, leading to a compromised immune response against the fungal pathogen. This would result in increased susceptibility to the infection and potentially severe outcomes for the patient. Antibody production, cytokine secretion, and mast cell degranulation are important components of the immune response, but neutrophils are primarily responsible for phagocytosis in the innate immune system.
Nurse Noli should advice t he patients the following except:
- A. Cut down on salt intake
- B. More fruits and vegetables
- C. Eat regular meals
- D. Eat more saturated fats
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nurse Noli should not advise patients to eat more saturated fats. Saturated fats are known to increase cholesterol levels and can lead to heart disease and other health issues. It is recommended to limit the intake of saturated fats in the diet. Therefore, advising patients to eat more saturated fats goes against the goal of promoting heart-healthy habits. Instead, Nurse Noli should focus on encouraging patients to cut down on salt intake, consume more fruits and vegetables, and eat regular meals to maintain a balanced and healthy diet.
Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for a patient with a tension pneumothorax?
- A. Needle decompression
- B. Chest tube insertion
- C. High-flow oxygen therapy
- D. Incentive spirometry
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition where air accumulates in the pleural space and cannot escape, causing increased pressure in the chest cavity. This can lead to compression of the lung and major blood vessels, leading to inadequate oxygenation and circulation.