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What is the term for leadership in which peers and subordinates are encouraged to participate in decision-making as a group?
- A. Autocratic
- B. Direct
- C. Laissez-faire
- D. Democratic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Democratic. Democratic leadership style involves encouraging peers and subordinates to participate in decision-making processes as a group. This approach promotes collaboration, teamwork, and shared responsibility. In contrast, autocratic leadership is characterized by unilateral decision-making by the leader without much input from others. Direct leadership typically involves clear and specific instructions from the leader, while laissez-faire leadership allows individuals to make decisions with minimal interference or guidance.
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Which patient situation below explains the type of grieving indicated by the note 'ANTICIPATORY GRIEVING' in the patient's medical record?
- A. A patient who has just given birth to twins following a long labor
- B. A patient who will have their left leg amputated below the knee tomorrow
- C. A patient experiencing pain during a physical therapy session
- D. A patient who will be discharged tomorrow after two months of hospitalization
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anticipatory grieving refers to the process of mourning, coping, and emotional responses that occur in anticipation of an expected loss. In the situation where a patient will have their left leg amputated below the knee tomorrow, the patient is facing an imminent and significant loss, leading to anticipatory grieving. This aligns with the definition of anticipatory grieving as the patient is anticipating a loss. The other scenarios do not involve an impending loss in the same manner, making them less indicative of anticipatory grieving.
Select the correct spelling for the word that fits in the sentence: 'The patient was in a state of ______ shortly before he died.'
- A. deteration
- B. deteriation
- C. deterioration
- D. deterreation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct spelling is 'deterioration,' which means the process of declining health or condition. In this context, the word fits appropriately in the sentence to convey the patient's deteriorating state before death. The incorrect choices, 'deteration,' 'deteriation,' and 'deterreation,' are misspellings of the word and do not convey the intended meaning in the sentence.
The rain will CEASE at sundown. What does the word "cease" mean in this context?
- A. Decrease
- B. Begin
- C. Stop
- D. Increase
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Stop.' The word 'cease' means to stop or come to an end, making 'Stop' the most appropriate choice. In this context, the sentence indicates that the rain will come to a halt at sundown, emphasizing the action of stopping rather than decreasing, beginning, or increasing. 'Decrease' and 'increase' refer to changes in quantity, which are not implied in the original sentence. 'Begin' is the opposite of 'cease' and does not fit the context where the rain is expected to end.
Select the meaning of the word 'excess' in this sentence: My grandmother used to tell me, 'Anything in excess can be a sin.'
- A. Not allowed
- B. More than is needed
- C. Creating a nuisance
- D. Desirable
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The word 'excess' means 'more than is needed.' In this context, it refers to an amount that goes beyond what is necessary, which can lead to negative consequences. The other options do not accurately capture the meaning of 'excess.' The quote implies that having an excessive amount of something can lead to harmful outcomes, emphasizing the importance of moderation in all aspects of life.
A person described as 'very sensible' is likely to possess which characteristic?
- A. A reasonable understanding
- B. Nostalgia about objects
- C. Easily gets feelings hurt
- D. A deficiency in moral concerns
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When someone is described as 'very sensible,' it implies that they have a high level of reasonableness and practicality. This individual is likely to exhibit good judgment, logical thinking, and a rational approach to situations. Sensibility indicates a capacity for sound and practical reasoning, aligning closely with 'A reasonable understanding.' Therefore, the correct answer is 'A reasonable understanding.' Sensible individuals are known for their ability to make sound decisions based on logic and reason, reflecting a high level of common sense and practicality.