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What should be the next step in the nursing research process?
- A. Review related literature
- B. Seek permission from the hospital administrator
- C. Identify the research problem
- D. Develop methods for data collection
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Develop methods for data collection' (Choice D). In the nursing research process, after the research problem has been identified, the next step would typically be to develop methods for how data will be collected. This is essential to effectively address the research problem. 'Review related literature' (Choice A), while an important step, usually occurs after the research problem has been identified and before methods for data collection are developed. 'Seek permission from the hospital administrator' (Choice B) might be necessary at some point in certain situations, but it is not the immediate next step in the research process. 'Identify the research problem' (Choice C) would typically come before developing methods for data collection. Therefore, according to the typical sequence of steps in the nursing research process, Choice D is correct.
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Considering the statement that communication is most effective when barriers are first removed, which of the following is recognized as an inhibiting factor in communication?
- A. Avoidance of universally accepted abbreviations
- B. Usage of incorrect grammar
- C. Poor handwriting
- D. Advanced age of the client
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: Advanced age of the client.' Age can be a significant obstacle in communication due to factors such as hearing loss, cognitive decline, or memory issues, which all can hamper effective communication. Choices A, B, and C, while they may present challenges in communication, are not directly related to age and its influence on communication, making them incorrect. The issues presented by not using universally accepted abbreviations, incorrect grammar, and poor handwriting can be resolved through clarification, education, or the use of alternative communication methods, unlike the difficulties that can arise from advanced age.
All of the following are instructions for proper foot care to be given to a client with peripheral vascular disease caused by diabetes. Which one is not?
- A. Trim nails using a nail clipper
- B. Apply cornstarch to the foot
- C. Always check the temperature of the water before bathing
- D. Use canvas shoes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'A', which says trim nails using a nail clipper. This is incorrect because patients with peripheral vascular disease, particularly those caused by diabetes, should not trim their nails themselves due to the risk of injury, infection, and poor wound healing. The other options, 'B', 'C', and 'D', are correct advice for diabetic foot care. Applying cornstarch can help keep the feet dry and prevent fungal infections. Checking the water temperature before bathing can prevent burns, as patients with peripheral vascular disease often have decreased sensation in their feet. Wearing canvas shoes can improve foot ventilation and reduce the risk of foot ulcers and infections.
What is the term for mobilizing people to become aware of their own problems and to take action to solve them?
- A. Community Organizing
- B. Family Nursing Care Plan
- C. Nursing Intervention
- D. Nursing Process
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is Community Organizing. This involves engaging and mobilizing individuals in a community or group to take action for the mutual benefit or to solve common problems. The options 'Family Nursing Care Plan', 'Nursing Intervention', and 'Nursing Process' are incorrect as these terms refer to specific nursing practices and methods, not the broader action of mobilizing and engaging a community to solve its own problems. Moreover, the provided rationale does not match the original question and correct answer. It instead describes the proactive and preventative nature of nursing care, which is unrelated to the concept of community organizing.
Theresa, a mother with a 2-year-old daughter, asks, 'At what age can I start taking my daughter's blood pressure as a routine procedure, since hypertension is common in our family?' What would your answer be?
- A. At 2 years old, you may
- B. As early as 1 year old
- C. When she's 3 years old
- D. When she's 6 years old
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Regular blood pressure checks generally start from age 3, but in the case of a family history of hypertension, they should start when the child is around 6 years old. This is because the readings will be more reliable and indicative of the child's health condition at this age. The other options are incorrect because they suggest earlier ages for routine blood pressure checks. While blood pressure can be measured at any age, it is not typically included as part of a routine health check-up for very young children unless there are specific health concerns.
You notice that Miss Kate, a bread vendor, receives and changes money, then holds the bread without washing her hands. As a nurse, what should you say to Miss Kate?
- A. Miss, don't touch the bread, I'll be the one to pick it up.
- B. Miss, please wash your hands before you pick up the bread.
- C. Miss, use a pick-up forceps when picking up the bread.
- D. Miss, your hands are dirty, I guess I'll try another bread shop.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, as it emphasizes the importance of hygiene in food handling, which is crucial to prevent the spread of germs and diseases. The other options do not address the root of the issue, which is the unhygienic handling of food. Option A avoids direct confrontation but does not educate the vendor on proper hygiene. Option C, although it suggests a hygienic method, may not be practical or available in all situations. Option D is an avoidance strategy rather than a way to address the problem.