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What should the nurse emphasize when preparing to teach the child and family about the treatment for Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease?
- A. Once treatment starts, it will likely continue for about 6 months.
- B. The treatment goal is a pain-free joint with full range of motion.
- C. Activities requiring hip adduction are encouraged for joint placement.
- D. Most of the treatments will be completed while the child is hospitalized.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary goal of treatment for Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease is to achieve a pain-free joint with full range of motion.
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The clinic nurse assesses a client with complaints of pain and numbness in the left hand and fingers. Which question should the nurse ask the client?
- A. Do you smoke or use any type of tobacco products?'
- B. Do you have to wear gloves when you are out in the cold?'
- C. Do you do repetitive movements with your left fingers?'
- D. Do you have tremors or involuntary movements of your hand?'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Repetitive movements are a primary cause of carpal tunnel syndrome, causing pain and numbness. Smoking, cold sensitivity, and tremors are unrelated.
Which intervention(s) should the nurse include in the child's plan of care immediately following insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt for treatment of hydrocephalus?
- A. Maintain the head of the bed in an elevated position.
- B. Ensure that the child minimizes movement of the extremities.
- C. Provide a pressure dressing over the cephalic insertion site.
- D. Maintain a flat position and reposition the child every 2 hours.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintaining a flat position and repositioning every 2 hours helps prevent complications and ensures shunt function post-VP shunt insertion.
Which material added by the nurse is best for covering the tips of the pin to prevent injuries while the client is in skeletal leg.
- A. Gauze squares
- B. Cotton balls
- C. Cork blocks
- D. Rubber tubes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cork blocks securely cover pin tips, preventing injury to the client or staff while maintaining stability. Gauze and cotton are less durable, and rubber tubes may not fit securely.
The nurse is teaching a class to pregnant teenagers. Which information is most important when discussing ways to prevent osteoporosis?
- A. Take at least 1,200 mg of calcium supplements a day.
- B. Eat foods low in calcium and high in phosphorus.
- C. Osteoporosis does not occur until around age 50 years.
- D. Remain as active as possible until the baby is born.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Staying active (weight-bearing exercise) during pregnancy builds bone density, preventing future osteoporosis. Calcium supplements are secondary, low-calcium diets are harmful, and age misconception ignores prevention.
The nurse would be correct to request a consultation with a dietitian if the client chooses a meal that includes which food?
- A. Nuts
- B. Milk
- C. Eggs
- D. Liver
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Liver is high in purines, which increase uric acid levels, worsening gout. Nuts, milk, and eggs are low-purine foods, suitable for a gout diet, necessitating a dietitian consultation for education.