Nokea
What statement is correct regarding sports injuries during adolescence?
- A. Conditioning does not help prevent many sports injuries.
- B. The increase in strength and vigor during adolescence helps prevent injuries related to fatigue.
- C. More injuries occur during organized athletic competition than during recreational sports participation.
- D. Adolescents may not possess insight and judgment to recognize when a sports activity is beyond their capabilities.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adolescents? lack of insight and judgment can lead to injuries when activities exceed their physical capabilities. Conditioning reduces injuries, fatigue-related injuries occur from overuse, and recreational sports cause more injuries than organized competition.
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The nurse is teaching the girls varsity sports teams about the female athlete triad. What is essential information to include?
- A. They should take low to moderate calcium to avoid hypercalcemia.
- B. They have strong bones because of the athletic training.
- C. Pregnancy can occur in the absence of menstruation.
- D. A diet high in carbohydrates accommodates increased training.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pregnancy is possible despite amenorrhea in the female athlete triad, necessitating contraceptive education. High calcium (1500 mg) prevents osteoporosis, low estrogen weakens bones, and high-protein, high-calorie diets, not just carbohydrates, support intense training.
What is the recommended drink for athletes during practice and competition?
- A. Sports drinks to replace carbohydrates
- B. Cold water for gastrointestinal tract rapid absorption
- C. Carbonated beverages to help with acid-base balance
- D. Enhanced performance carbohydrate-electrolyte drinks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cold water, consumed 4-8 oz every 15-20 minutes, promotes rapid gastric and intestinal absorption for hydration. Sports drinks may cause gastrointestinal upset, carbonated beverages are discouraged, and enhanced drinks lack evidence of performance benefits.
An 8-year-old child is hit by a motor vehicle in the school parking lot. The school nurse notes that the child is responding to verbal stimulation but is not moving his extremities when requested. What is the first action the nurse should take?
- A. Wait for the childs parents to arrive.
- B. Move the child out of the parking lot.
- C. Have someone notify the emergency medical services (EMS) system.
- D. Help the child stand to return to play.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Activating EMS is critical for a child unable to move extremities post-collision, indicating potential spinal cord injury requiring immediate hospital evaluation. Moving the child risks further injury, waiting for parents delays care, and standing is contraindicated.
A child with a hip spica cast is being prepared for discharge. Recognizing that caring for a child at home is complex, the nurse should include what instructions for the parents discharge teaching?
- A. Turn every 8 hours.
- B. Specially designed car restraints are necessary.
- C. Diapers should be avoided to reduce soiling of the cast.
- D. Use an abduction bar between the legs to aid in turning.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Specially designed car restraints ensure safe transport for a child in a hip spica cast. Turning should occur more frequently, diapers are needed to maintain cleanliness, and the abduction bar is not used for turning to avoid cast damage.
What is a physiologic effect of immobilization on children?
- A. Metabolic rate increases.
- B. Venous return improves because the child is in the supine position.
- C. Circulatory stasis can lead to thrombus and embolus formation.
- D. Bone calcium increases, releasing excess calcium into the body (hypercalcemia).
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Immobilization reduces muscle contraction, causing venous stasis, which increases the risk of thrombus and embolus formation. Metabolic rate decreases, venous return diminishes, and bone demineralization leads to hypercalcemia, not increased bone calcium.