Nokea
What type of cell primarily makes up animals?
- A. Eukaryotic
- B. Simple
- C. Prokaryotic
- D. Bacterial
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Animals are composed primarily of eukaryotic cells, characterized by a defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic cells are complex and serve as the basis for multicellular organisms such as animals, contrasting with prokaryotic cells that lack a defined nucleus and organelles.
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Which of the following is always true about molecules?
- A. They can travel through all cell membranes
- B. They move from low concentration to high concentration without using energy
- C. They move from high concentration to low concentration without using energy
- D. They cannot move
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'They move from high concentration to low concentration without using energy.' This statement aligns with the concept of passive transport, where molecules naturally move from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration to reach equilibrium. This process does not require energy input. Option A is incorrect because not all molecules can freely pass through all cell membranes due to factors like size and charge. Option B describes active transport, which involves the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient, requiring energy. Option D is incorrect as molecules are in constant motion.
What is the purpose of cellular respiration?
- A. Enable fermentation
- B. Produce enzymes
- C. Produce oxygen molecules
- D. Obtain energy in the form of ATP
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The primary purpose of cellular respiration is to obtain energy in the form of ATP. During cellular respiration, glucose and other organic molecules are broken down to release energy in the form of ATP, which is crucial for various cellular functions and activities. This energy is used by cells to carry out processes such as growth, repair, movement, and maintaining homeostasis.
Why does cytokinesis occur?
- A. To duplicate DNA
- B. To convert energy within organelles
- C. To eliminate bacteria
- D. To divide daughter cells
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cytokinesis is the process of cell division following mitosis, where the cytoplasm of a cell is split into two daughter cells. The main purpose of cytokinesis is to physically separate the newly formed nuclei and organelles into individual cells, ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete set of cellular components to function independently. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as the primary outcome of cytokinesis is the division of daughter cells.
Which DNA strand would complement this segment: ACTTGCA?
- A. TGAACGT
- B. GACCATG
- C. ACTTGCA
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To find the complementary DNA strand, you need to pair each nucleotide with its complementary base: A with T, C with G, T with A, and G with C. Therefore, the correct match for ACTTGCA is TGAACGT. Only Choice A follows this complementary base pairing rule, making it the correct answer.
What is the primary purpose of cellular respiration?
- A. To copy DNA
- B. To facilitate breathing
- C. To convert nutrients to energy
- D. To enable cell division
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cellular respiration is a fundamental metabolic process in cells where nutrients are broken down to produce energy in the form of ATP. This energy is essential for powering various cellular functions and activities. Therefore, the primary goal of cellular respiration is to convert nutrients into energy, providing the cell with the necessary fuel to efficiently carry out its functions.