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What would the nurse expect a 4-month-old infant to be able to accomplish?
- A. Hold a cup.
- B. Stand with assistance.
- C. Lift head and shoulders.
- D. Sit with back straight.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Due to cephalocaudal development, a 4-month-old infant can lift their head and shoulders, mastering this skill before others listed.
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What is the best action the nurse can advise this mother to implement?
- A. Keep the infant's room well lit.
- B. Rub the infant's soles vigorously.
- C. Offer the infant a pacifier.
- D. Handle the infant slowly and gently.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Handling the infant slowly and gently helps prevent overstimulation, which can cause lethargy in some infants.
What is the best action the nurse would advise the parent to implement?
- A. Use commercial diaper wipes to clean the area.
- B. Apply a protective ointment on the area.
- C. Change the infant's diaper less frequently.
- D. Keep the diaper area covered all of the time.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Applying a protective ointment on pink, irritated skin helps treat diaper rash effectively.
What will the nurse advise a parent to do when introducing solid foods?
- A. Begin with one tablespoon of food.
- B. Mix foods together.
- C. Eliminate a refused food from the diet.
- D. Introduce each new food 4 to 7 days apart.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Introducing one new food every 4 to 7 days allows time to monitor for tolerance and potential allergies.
What should the teaching plan include about infant fall precautions?
- A. Remove all unsteady furniture.
- B. Keep crib rails up and in locked position.
- C. Steady infant with hand when on changing table.
- D. Use tray attachment on high chair as restraint.
- E. Keep infant seat on the floor while indoors.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Removing unsteady furniture, keeping crib rails up, steadying the infant on the changing table, and placing the infant seat on the floor are effective fall precautions; the high chair tray is not a sufficient restraint.
What does this behavior indicate the infant has developed?
- A. The pincer grasp
- B. A grasp reflex
- C. Prehension ability
- D. The parachute reflex
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ability to pick up cereal with the index finger and thumb at 10 months indicates the development of the pincer grasp.