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When an infant car seat is properly installed, the infant should face
- A. forward, so child may look out window
- B. backward, so child faces the seat
- C. the side window, to increase urinary stimulation
- D. upward, as child lies on back with seat installed sideways
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Infants should be positioned reclining and facing the rear until their leg muscles are strong enough to kick away from the backseat (about 10-12 months-old) for the greatest protection.
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A client taking isotretinoin (Accutane) tells the nurse that she is pregnant. What should the nurse teach this client?
- A. Her pregnancy is threatened, and the fetus is at risk for teratogenesis.
- B. She has a reportable condition, and the pregnancy must be terminated.
- C. Accutane is a Category D drug, which means it is unsafe in pregnancy.
- D. Her pregnancy must be followed carefully by a genetic specialist.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Accutane is a Category X drug, which means pregnancy is contraindicated due to teratogenesis associated with the medication.
The nurse realizes that a fire has started in the client's room. Which action should be taken by the nurse first?
- A. Find the nearest fire alarm to activate.
- B. Extinguish the fire with a blanket.
- C. Remove the client from the room.
- D. Telephone the operator to announce a fire.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Removing the client from the room is the priority to ensure their safety from the fire, following the RACE protocol (Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish).
The nurse is caring for the client who received afterload internal radiotherapy (brachytherapy) for treatment of uterine cancer. The nurse manager evaluates that the nurse uses correct hazardous material precautions when noting that the nurse takes which action?
- A. Double-bags linens before removing them from the client's room
- B. Minimizes the amount of time spent in contact with the client
- C. Maintains a distance of 1 foot away from the client
- D. Wears lead gloves and apron and a dosimetry badge with client contact
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Minimizing time spent with the client reduces radiation exposure, a key precaution in brachytherapy.
The nurse is caring for a 7 year-old with acute glomerulonephritis (AGN). Findings include moderate edema and oliguria. Serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine are elevated. What dietary modifications are most appropriate?
- A. Decreased carbohydrates and fat
- B. Decreased sodium and potassium
- C. Increased potassium and protein
- D. Increased sodium and fluids
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Decreased sodium and potassium. Children with AGN who have edema, hypertension, oliguria, and azotemia have dietary restrictions limiting sodium, potassium, fluids, and protein.
A newborn has been delivered. An Apgar score is given. What does this scoring system indicate?
- A. heart rate, respiratory effort, color, muscle tone, reflex irritability
- B. heart rate, bleeding, cyanosis, edema
- C. bleeding, reflex, edema
- D. respiratory effort, heart rate, seizures
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Apgar scoring system was put into place by Virginia Apgar, an anesthesiologist in New York, for the purpose of assessing newborns in the areas of heart rate, respiratory effort, color, muscle tone, and reflex irritability at 1, 5, and sometimes 10 minutes after birth.