Nokea
When assessing a client for depression, which of the following would the nurse most likely find?
- A. Drowsiness
- B. Extreme sadness
- C. Severe headache
- D. Dilated pupils
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Extreme sadness is a hallmark symptom of depression, distinguishing it from side effects like drowsiness or symptoms of other conditions like hypertensive crisis.
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A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
- A. Milk
- B. Butter
- C. Rice
- D. Yogurt
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Yogurt contains tyramine, which can interact with MAOIs to cause hypertensive crisis; milk, butter, and rice are safe.
A nurse would assess the client for an increase in anticholinergic symptoms if the client is prescribed cimetidine with which antidepressant?
- A. Phenelzine
- B. Sertraline
- C. Venlafaxine
- D. Clomipramine
- E. Escitalopram
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Cimetidine can enhance anticholinergic effects of antidepressants like sertraline, venlafaxine, clomipramine, and escitalopram by inhibiting their metabolism.
When describing the action of antidepressants, the nursing instructor would include the belief that they exert their effect by causing slow adaptive changes to which of the following receptor systems?
- A. Beta-adrenergic
- B. Baroreceptors
- C. Norepinephrine
- D. Serotonin
- E. Nicotinic
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Antidepressants, particularly those affecting monoamine systems, induce adaptive changes in norepinephrine and serotonin receptor systems, enhancing neurotransmission over time.
The nurse suspects that a client is experiencing major depression based on assessment of which of the following?
- A. Feelings of hopelessness
- B. Minimal changes in weight
- C. Focused concentration
- D. Loss of energy
- E. Excessive guilt
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Major depression is characterized by hopelessness, loss of energy, and excessive guilt, which are core diagnostic symptoms.
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has been prescribed amoxapine for depression accompanied by anxiety. After administration of the drug, the nurse observes muscle rigidity and sweating. The nurse identifies these as the symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Which of the following would the nurse do next?
- A. Suggest the client engage in exercise
- B. Get the client to drink a glass of cold water
- C. Encourage the client to breathe deeply
- D. Stop the drug and contact the physician
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a medical emergency; stopping the drug and contacting the physician is the appropriate action.