Nokea
When assessing the patient's speech, the nurse should look for:
- A. Any slurred speech or difficulty articulating words.
- B. Normal tone and rhythm of speech.
- C. Absence of speech abnormalities.
- D. Clear and coherent communication.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Slurred speech or difficulty articulating words may indicate neurological issues. Normal tone, absence of abnormalities, and clear communication are expected findings.
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Which of the following instructions should be given to the client's family if a client with impaired swallowing has to take solid medication?
- A. Mix the medication with food
- B. Use the liquid form of the medication
- C. Check with the physician or pharmacist before crushing or breaking tablets
- D. or opening capsules
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Not all medications can be safely altered, so consulting healthcare providers is essential.
Which of the following practices would delay the decline in muscle strength and bone mass in older adults?
- A. Maintaining an adequate calcium intake
- B. Maintaining an active lifestyle
- C. Maintaining a low-activity lifestyle after the age of 35
- D. Reducing the calcium intake after the age of 60
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An active lifestyle helps maintain muscle strength and bone mass.
Which myotome is responsible for shoulder abduction
- A. C4
- B. C5
- C. C6
- D. C7
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The C5 and C6 nerve roots innervate the deltoid and supraspinatus muscles, which are responsible for shoulder abduction. This is important in assessing brachial plexus injuries.
Before feeding a patient four days following a stroke, what should the nurse do first?
- A. Check the patient's gag reflex.
- B. Order a soft diet for the patient.
- C. Raise the head of the bed to a sitting position.
- D. Evaluate the patient's ability to swallow small amounts of crushed ice or ice water.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Checking the gag reflex ensures the patient can safely swallow and reduces the risk of aspiration
What does the experiment in which a frog's eye is rotated tell us about the spatial relationships between the retina and the tectum?
- A. When the right retina makes connections to the right tectum, nasal (anterior) neurons go to the anterior tectum, and temporal (posterior) neurons go to the posterior tectum.
- B. When the right retina makes connections to the right tectum, nasal (anterior) neurons go to the posterior tectum, and temporal (posterior) neurons go to the anterior tectum.
- C. When the right retina makes connections to the left tectum, nasal (anterior) neurons go to the posterior tectum, and temporal (posterior) neurons go to the anterior tectum.
- D. When the right retina makes connections to the left tectum, nasal (anterior) neurons go to the anterior tectum, and temporal (posterior) neurons go to the posterior tectum.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The frog eye rotation experiment demonstrates that retinal axons have an intrinsic map of their position. Nasal (anterior) neurons project to the posterior tectum, and temporal (posterior) neurons project to the anterior tectum. This shows that spatial information is encoded within the retina and guides axon targeting.