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When evaluating the credibility of a source during research, which statement is true?
- A. The author's reputation is more important than whether they cite sources.
- B. The source should always be as recent as possible, considering the subject.
- C. The author's point of view and/or purpose is crucial for credibility.
- D. The kinds of sources various audiences value influence credibility for them.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The kind of sources different audiences value can indeed influence the credibility of a source for them. Different audiences may place varying levels of trust in different types of sources, such as peer-reviewed journals, government reports, or mainstream media outlets. Understanding the preferences of the target audience is essential for establishing credibility when presenting information. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. The author's reputation is important but not more critical than citing sources, as proper citations contribute to transparency and reliability. The recency of a source is essential but not always the most crucial factor; relevance to the subject matter is also significant. The author's point of view and purpose are indeed relevant to assessing credibility; understanding their biases and intentions is vital in evaluating the reliability of a source.
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The next four questions are based on the following passage.
It could be argued that all American war movies take as their governing paradigm that of the Western, and that we, as viewers, don't think critically enough about this fact. The virtuous hero in the white hat, the evil villain in the black hat, the community threatened by violence; these are the obvious elements of the paradigm. In addition, the hero is highly skilled at warfare, though reluctant to use it, the community is made up of morally upstanding citizens, and there is no place for violence in the community: the hero himself must leave the community he has saved once the battle is complete. This way of seeing the world has soaked into our storytelling of battle and conflict. It's hard to find a U.S.-made war movie that, for example, presents the enemy as complex and potentially fighting a legitimate cause, or that presents the hero (usually the U.S.) as anything other than supremely morally worthy. It is important to step back and think about the assumptions and frameworks that shape the stories we're exposed to; if we're careless and unquestioning, we absorb biases and world views with which we may not agree.
What is the primary purpose of the passage?
- A. Analyze an interesting feature of American cinema.
- B. Refute the Western paradigm.
- C. Suggest a way to improve war movies.
- D. Suggest that viewers think critically about underlying assumptions in the movies we watch.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The primary purpose of the passage is to suggest that viewers think critically about the underlying assumptions in the movies they watch. It discusses how American war movies often conform to a Western paradigm and urges readers to analyze these portrayals and question the messages being conveyed. Choice A is incorrect because the passage does not focus on analyzing an interesting feature of American cinema but rather on prompting critical thinking. Choice B is incorrect as the passage does not aim to refute the Western paradigm but rather to highlight its influence on American war movies. Choice C is incorrect as the passage does not suggest a way to improve war movies but rather encourages viewers to be more mindful and aware of the underlying assumptions in the movies they consume.
Which of the following stories' messages is significantly distorted through the use of an irrelevant detail?
- A. A soft profile about a local politician's part-time rock band that mentions his political differences with his bandmates
- B. A feature story of a local business owner running for political office in which she admits to having employed illegal laborers
- C. A profile of several local Jewish and Arab business leaders that mentions ongoing hostilities in the Middle East
- D. A news report about a local citizen protesting property tax rates that includes details about an immigration violation he committed twenty years previously
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. In the news report about a local citizen protesting property tax rates that includes details about an immigration violation he committed twenty years previously, the irrelevant detail about the immigration violation distracts from the main message of the protest against property tax rates. The inclusion of this detail shifts the focus away from the citizen's current concerns and the reasons for his protest, thus distorting the story's message. Choices A, B, and C do not include irrelevant details that significantly distort the main messages of the stories. Choice A mentions political differences with bandmates but still focuses on the politician's part-time rock band. Choice B discusses the employment of illegal laborers but remains centered on the business owner's political aspirations. Choice C talks about ongoing hostilities in the Middle East but does not veer away from the main focus on the local Jewish and Arab business leaders.
Thomas and his sister are planning to see a new science fiction film, but they have to work around their schedules. Both are free for a showing before 6 p.m. or after 10 p.m. Here are the current show times for cinemas in their area:
Twin Theatres: 6:15 p.m., 7:20 p.m., and 8:40 p.m.
Reveler Cinema: 5:45 p.m. and 7:15 p.m.
Big Screen 14: 6:00 p.m., 6:45 p.m., 9:10 p.m., and 10:05 p.m.
Best Seat in The House: 8:20 p.m., 9:55 p.m., and 11:25 p.m.
After an unexpected rearrangement of their schedules, Thomas and his sister realize that they will have to squeeze in the film after 10 p.m. Given this new information, which cinema is the best option?
- A. Twin Theatres
- B. Reveler Cinema
- C. Big Screen 14
- D. Best Seat in The House
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Since Thomas and his sister have to squeeze in the film after 10 p.m., they need to watch the film later in the evening. Among the options, Reveler Cinema offers showtimes after 10 p.m. with a showing at 7:15 p.m., making it the best choice. Twin Theatres, Big Screen 14, and Best Seat in The House do not have showtimes after 10 p.m., making Reveler Cinema the most suitable option for the siblings to catch a film at that time.
Passage 1:
Fairy tales, fictional stories that involve magical occurrences and imaginary creatures like trolls, elves, giants, and talking animals, are found in similar forms throughout the world. This occurs when a story with an origin in a particular location spreads geographically to, over time, far-flung lands. All variations of the same story must logically come from a single source. As language, ideas, and goods travel from place to place through the movement of peoples, stories that catch human imagination travel as well through human retelling.
Passage 2:
Fairy tales capture basic, fundamental human desires and fears. They represent the most essential form of fictionalized human experience: the bad characters are pure evil, the good characters are pure good, the romance of royalty (and of commoners becoming royalty) is celebrated, etc. Given the nature of the fairy tale genre, it is not surprising that many different cultures come up with similar versions of the same essential story.
Which of the following is not an example of something the author of Passage 1 claims travels from place to place through human movement?
- A. Fairy tales
- B. Language
- C. Ideas
- D. Foods
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The author of Passage 1 explicitly mentions language, ideas, and foods as examples of things that travel from place to place through human movement. However, fairy tales are not mentioned in the text as one of the elements that travel through human movement. While fairy tales do spread geographically through human retelling, they are not directly supported as an example in this context, making choice A the correct answer. Choices B, C, and D are mentioned in the passage as elements that do travel through human movement, further emphasizing that fairy tales are the exception in this specific context.
Follow the numbered instructions to transform the starting word into a different word.
1. Start with the word PREVARICATE.
2. Remove the P.
3. Replace the first A with the final E.
4. Remove the I from the word.
5. Remove the C from the word.
6. Remove the A from the word.
What is the new word?
- A. REVEST
- B. REVERT
- C. REVIEW
- D. REVERSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The new word can be formed by following the transformation steps: Remove the P, Replace the first A with the final E, Remove the I, Remove the C, and Remove the A from PREVARICATE, resulting in the word 'REVERT.' Choices A, C, and D do not match the rearrangement of letters provided in the instructions.