Nokea
When providing preoperative teaching for a client who will be undergoing total knee arthroplasty, the nurse asks the client questions to assess his understanding of the surgery. Which type of ethics is the nurse implementing?
- A. Duty-based ethics
- B. Normative ethics
- C. Metaethics
- D. Preventive ethics
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Preventive ethics ensures that the client understands the surgery beforehand, reducing ethical issues before the procedure.
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A community health nurse most effectively preserves the health of a person with tuberculosis (TB) and the community by:
- A. Administering and reading the purified protein derivative (PPD) of all close contacts
- B. Providing direct observed therapy (DOT) for the individual with TB
- C. Isolating the person because it is likely drug resistant
- D. Telling the person to wear a mask when leaving the home
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Direct observed therapy (DOT) ensures the patient takes the full course of medication, preventing the spread of TB.
Which of the following represents a method of secondary prevention?
- A. Self-breast examination education
- B. Yearly mammograms
- C. Chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer
- D. Complete mastectomy for breast cancer
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Secondary prevention includes screening for early disease detection, such as mammograms for breast cancer.
Which scenario places a toddler at risk for injury?
- A. Toddler playing with his preschool sibling’s toy
- B. Mop and a bucket of clean water in the kitchen
- C. Cup of hot coffee on the kitchen counter
- D. Twenty-five-pound toddler sitting in a forward-facing car seat in the back seat of a car
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hot coffee can cause burns and is a significant risk factor for toddler injury.
A teenager has been using acne medications for the last 14 days. Her acne is no better, and in fact, it is a little worse. What information should the nurse offer this girl?
- A. Wash your face at least four times a day, making sure to scrub well.
- B. The medications can make acne appear worse at first; try to give it a few more weeks.
- C. Avoid all chocolate products.
- D. Because it is summertime, it would be good for your skin if you lie out in the sun for a few hours each day.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acne medications can worsen acne initially; improvement occurs slowly.
During an office visit, a nurse provides counseling to a 70-year-old woman with osteoporosis who is otherwise very healthy. Which of the following information should the nurse provide to the woman?
- A. Avoid all forms of exercise because of the risk of fractures.
- B. Walk with a partner at least 30 minutes a day 5 days a week.
- C. Use a wheelchair to get around so that she can prevent falls.
- D. Take a step aerobics class 5 days a week.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Walking with a partner is a safe, weight-bearing activity that can help improve bone density and prevent falls.