Drug Classification Quiz

Drug Classification Quiz Related

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When reviewing the phases of drug development, the nurse finds a discussion about the postmarketing surveillance phase. Which one of the following activities would the nurse expect to find as being carried out during this phase?

  • A. Health care providers report adverse effects to FDA.
  • B. Healthy volunteers are involved in the test.
  • C. In vitro tests are performed using human cells.
  • D. The drug is given to patients with the disease.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The postmarketing surveillance phase of drug development encourages health care professionals to report adverse effects of drugs to the FDA using MedWatch. Phase 1 of clinical testing involves 20 to 100 healthy volunteers. In vitro testing of the drug on human or animal cells is done in the pre-FDA phase. In Phase 2 of clinical testing, the drug is given to patients with the disease for which the drug is manufactured.

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A patient who is taking metronidazole (Flagyl) reports reddish-brown urine. Which action will the nurse take?

  • A. Obtain an order for BUN and creatinine levels
  • B. Reassure the patient that this is a harmless effect
  • C. Request an order for a urinalysis
  • D. Test her urine for occult blood
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Reddish-brown urine is a benign metronidazole side effect; no labs are needed. Reddish-brown urine is a harmless side effect of metronidazole and is not cause for concern.

Which of the following diagnostic studies would NOT indicate a problem related to a reductase inhibitor?

  • A. Elevated serum transaminase
  • B. Increased serum creatinine
  • C. Elevated creatinine kinase
  • D. Increased white blood cell counts
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: WBC elevation is unrelated to reductase inhibitors; others indicate liver, kidney, or muscle issues.

All the following induce hepatic enzymes except

  • A. Rifampicin
  • B. Phenytoin
  • C. Barbiturates
  • D. Tolbutamide
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Tolbutamide does not significantly induce enzymes; others do.

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Escitalopram for treatment of generalized Anxiety disorder. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching?

  • A. I should take the medication on an empty stomach.
  • B. I will follow a low-sodium diet while making this medication.
  • C. I should not crush this medication before swallowing.
  • D. I should not crush this medication before swallowing.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Escitalopram should not be crushed to maintain its effectiveness; food and sodium restrictions are not required.

The nurse, providing patient teaching about home medication use to an older adult, explains that even when drugs are taken properly they can produce negative or unexpected effects. What are these negative or unexpected effects called?

  • A. Teratogenic effects
  • B. Toxic effects
  • C. Adverse effects
  • D. Therapeutic effects
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Negative or unexpected effects are known as adverse or side effects. Teratogenic effects are adverse effects on the fetus and not a likely concern for an older adult. Toxic effects occur when medication is taken in larger than recommended dosages caused by an increase in serum drug levels. Therapeutic effects are the desired actions for which the medication is prescribed.

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