Nokea
When teaching an adolescent with facial acne about skin care, the nurse should instruct the adolescent.
- A. Wash the face twice a day with mild soap and water.
- B. Remove whiteheads and comedones after washing his face with antibacterial soap.
- C. Apply vitamin E ointment twice daily to the affected skin.
- D. Apply tretinoin (Retin-A) daily in the morning and expose the face to the sun.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Washing the face twice daily with mild soap and water helps remove excess oil and debris without irritating the skin. Removing whiteheads can cause scarring, vitamin E is not evidence-based for acne, and tretinoin should be applied at night due to photosensitivity.
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Which of the following behaviors exhibited by the parents of an infant with pyloric stenosis should the nurse correctly interpret as a positive indication of parental coping?
- A. Telling the nurse that they have to get away for a while.
- B. Discussing the infant's care realistically.
- C. Repeatedly asking if their child is normal.
- D. Exhibiting fear that they will disturb the infant.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Realistic discussion of care indicates acceptance and engagement with the situation.
After teaching the parents of a neonate diagnosed with a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) about this anomaly, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the father describes the condition as which of the following?
- A. The muscle below the stomach is too tight, causing the baby to vomit forcefully.
- B. There is a blind upper pouch and an opening from the esophagus into the airway.
- C. The lower bowel is lacking certain nerves to allow normal function.
- D. A part of the bowel is on the outside without anything covering it.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: TEF involves a blind esophageal pouch and a fistula connecting the esophagus to the trachea, as described.
A nurse is teaching an obese child about portion control. Which strategy should be included?
- A. Eat only prepackaged meals.
- B. Use smaller plates.
- C. Skip breakfast daily.
- D. Drink soda with meals.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smaller plates help control portion sizes visually. Prepackaged meals may be unhealthy, skipping breakfast can increase hunger, and soda adds empty calories.
A 13-month-old has a febrile seizure one month after the administration of the chickenpox vaccine. The nurse should:
- A. Recognize that the events are unrelated.
- B. Report the event through the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System.
- C. Explain to the parents that this is a rare but acceptable risk.
- D. Report the incident through the vaccine manufacturer's hotline.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Febrile seizures post-vaccination should be reported to VAERS for monitoring vaccine safety.
A 6-month old infant has had a cardiac arrest and the rapid response team has been paged. The nurse arrives in the client's room and observes a physician assistant (PA) administering CPR to an infant (see figure). To assist the PA with CPR, the nurse should:
- A. Tell the PA to use the heel of the hand on the infant's sternum.
- B. Place one hand on the infant's sternum for chest compressions while the PA ventilates the lungs at a rate of one breath to every 5 compressions.
- C. Obtain an Ambu bag and give breaths at a rate of 2 breaths per 15 compressions.
- D. Encircle the infant's chest with the thumbs=on top to provide compression while the PA uses an Ambu bag to administer rescue breaths after every 15 compressions.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For an infant, the nurse should obtain an Ambu bag and deliver 2 breaths per 15 compressions, following pediatric CPR guidelines for 2-rescuer CPR.