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When the client asks the nurse how propranolol helps to prevent angina, what is the best explanation?
- A. Propranolol promotes excretion of body fluid.
- B. Propranolol reduces the rate of heart contraction.
- C. Propranolol alters pain receptors in the heart.
- D. Propranolol dilates the major coronary arteries.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Propranolol, a beta-blocker, reduces heart rate and contractility, decreasing myocardial oxygen demand and preventing angina.
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Avoiding which of the following foods is the best evidence that the client understands the nurse's dietary instructions?
- A. Pepperoni pizza
- B. Vinegar and oil salad dressing
- C. Liver and onions
- D. Lemon-pepper chicken
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pepperoni pizza is high in fat and sodium, which should be avoided in a low-fat, low-sodium diet post-MI.
If each tablet of digoxin (Lanoxin) contains 0.25 mg, how much should the nurse administer to the client each day?
- A. 0.5 tablets
- B. 1 tablet
- C. 0.25 tablets
- D. 0.125 tablets
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For a 0.125 mg dose with 0.25 mg tablets, administer 0.5 tablets (0.125 mg ÷ 0.25 mg = 0.5).
Which finding best indicates that cardiac compressions can be discontinued?
- A. The victim's color improves.
- B. The pupils become dilated.
- C. A pulse can be palpated.
- D. The victim begins to vomit.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A palpable pulse indicates spontaneous circulation, allowing CPR to be discontinued.
If the client understands the nurse's explanation of the heart's conduction system, which structure will the client identify as the site of the natural pacemaker? Place an X over the correct site.
- A. Sinoatrial node
- B. Atrioventricular node
- C. Bundle of His
- D. Purkinje fibers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The sinoatrial (SA) node is the heart's natural pacemaker, initiating electrical impulses.
A low-sodium, low-cholesterol, weight-reducing diet is prescribed for an adult with heart disease. The nurse knows that he understands his diet when he chooses which of the following meals?
- A. Baked skinless chicken and mashed potatoes
- B. Stir-fried Chinese vegetables and rice
- C. Tuna fish salad with celery sticks
- D. Grilled lean steak Ascertainly grilled lean steak with carrots
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Baked skinless chicken and mashed potatoes are low in sodium and cholesterol, making them suitable for a heart-healthy diet. Stir-fried vegetables may contain high sodium sauces, tuna salad may include high-sodium dressings, and grilled steak is higher in cholesterol.