Nokea
When the mother of a child with gastroesophageal reflux calls the clinic nurse to report that her baby is vomiting small amounts of blood, the nurse explains that the esophagus has been irritated by gastric
Correct Answer: acid
Rationale: Gastric acid that has repeatedly come in contact with the esophageal mucosa will erode the mucosa, and bleeding will result.
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What are early signs of varicella disease?
- A. High fever over 101°F (38.3°C)
- B. General malaise
- C. Increased appetite
- D. Crusty sores
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Early signs of varicella will develop during the prodromal period and are mainly low-grade fever, malaise, and anorexia. Lesions do not appear until later.
When performing an assessment of a child with recurrent abdominal pain (RAP), the nurse recognizes the child will most likely experience what symptom?
- A. Increased temperature
- B. Constipation
- C. Right quadrant pain
- D. Exercise-associated pain
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The child may be constipated with periumbilical pain unrelated to eating, defecation, or exercise.
What is the major criterion for diagnosing a child as cognitively impaired?
- A. An IQ of 75 or less
- B. Subaverage functioning
- C. An IQ of 70 or less
- D. Onset before 18
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cognitive impairment is based upon IQs from 20 to 70.
Which additional congenital malformation is expected in 80% of infants with a myelomeningocele?
- A. Cerebral palsy
- B. Hydrocephalus
- C. Meningitis
- D. Neuroblastoma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hydrocephalus is present in 80% of infants affected by a myelomeningocele.
Since children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) take medication for long periods of time, side effects must be considered. How often should children be assessed for side effects of the drug therapy?
- A. Every 2 months
- B. Every 4 months
- C. Every 6 months
- D. Every 8 months
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Children should be checked for medication side effects every 6 months.