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When the nurse teaches a skill such as self-injection of insulin to the patient, what is the best way to set up the teaching/learning session?
- A. Provide written pamphlets for instruction.
- B. Show a video, and allow the patient to practice as needed on his own.
- C. Verbally explain the procedure, and provide written handouts for reinforcement.
- D. After demonstrating the procedure, allow the patient to do several return demonstrations.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Return demonstration allows the nurse to evaluate the patient's newly learned skills. The techniques in the other options are incorrect because those suggestions do not allow for evaluation of the patient's technique.
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A patient is to receive prednisone 7.5 mg PO daily. The tablets are available in a 2.5 mg strength. Identify how many tablets will the patient receive
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale: 1 tablet: 2.5 mg :: x tablet: 7.5 mg. (1 / 7.5) = (2.5 / x); 7.5 = 2.5x, x = 3; therefore 7.5 mg = 3 tablets.
During an admission assessment, the nurse discovers that the patient does not speak English. Which is considered the ideal resource for translation?
- A. A family member of the patient
- B. A close family friend of the patient
- C. A translator who does not know the patient
- D. Prewritten note cards with both English and the patient's language
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should communicate with the patient in the patient's native language if at all possible. If the nurse is not able to speak the patient's native language, a translator should be made available so as to prevent communication problems, minimize errors, and help boost the patient's level of trust and understanding of the nurse. In practice, this translator may be another nurse or health care professional, a nonprofessional member of the health care team, or a layperson, family member, adult friend, or religious leader or associate. However, it is best to avoid family members as translators, if possible, because of issues with bias, misinterpretation, and potential confidentiality issues.
The nurse is developing a care plan for a patient who will be self-administering a metered-dose inhaler. Which statement reflects a measurable outcome?
- A. The patient will know about self-administration of a metered-dose inhaler.
- B. The patient will understand the principles of self-administration of a metered-dose inhaler.
- C. The patient will demonstrate the proper technique of self-administering a metered-dose inhaler.
- D. The patient will comprehend the proper technique of self-administering a metered-dose inhaler.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The word demonstrate is a measurable verb, and measurable terms should be used when developing goals and outcome criteria statements. The other options are incorrect because the terms know, understand, and comprehend are not measurable terms.
The nurse is reviewing the teaching plan for a clinic patient who was seen for a sinus infection. Which of these outcomes reflect the affective domain of learning?
- A. The patient will take the prescribed antibiotic for the full 14 days of the prescription.
- B. The patient will demonstrate correct nasal spray self-administration.
- C. The patient will list signs and symptoms that need to be reported immediately if they occur.
- D. The patient will list measures to take to reduce allergy triggers at home.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The affective domain is the most intangible component of the learning process. Affective behavior is conduct that expresses feelings, needs, beliefs, values, and opinions. Adhering to the prescribed medication regimen is an example of the affective domain. Demonstrating nasal spray self-administration reflects the psychomotor domain; listing signs and symptoms or measures to take both reflect the cognitive domain.
A patient with a new prescription for a diuretic has just reviewed with the nurse how to include more potassium in her diet. This reflects learning in which domain?
- A. Cognitive
- B. Affective
- C. Physical
- D. Psychomotor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The cognitive domain refers to problem-solving abilities and may involve recall and knowledge of facts. The affective domain refers to values and beliefs. The term physical does not refer to one of the learning domains. The psychomotor domain involves behaviors such as learning how to perform a procedure.