Nokea
When utilizing the Glasgow Coma Scale, the nurse knows coma will be represented by a score of
- B. 2
- C. 6 (8 or less indicates coma)
- D. 10
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 8 or less indicates coma. The GCS assesses eye, verbal, and motor responses to determine the level of consciousness. Lower scores reflect more severe neurological impairment, with a score of 3 indicating deep coma or brain death.
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A 65-year-old patient with PD is experiencing moderate dyskinesias that are bothersome. The patient is on carbidopa/levodopa 25/100 mg two tablets at 7 AM and one tablet at 11 AM, 2 PM, 5 PM, 8 PM, and 11 PM. Which of the following is most appropriate:
- A. Add amantadine.
- B. Add entacapone.
- C. Add rasagiline.
- D. Add pramipexole.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amantadine is effective in reducing dyskinesias in PD patients by modulating glutamate activity in the brain.
Which of the following are the parts of neurons?
- A. brain, spinal cord, and vertebral column
- B. dendrite, axon, and cell body
- C. sensory and motor
- D. cortex, medulla and sheath
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neurons are the basic building blocks of the nervous system and consist of three main parts: dendrites, axons, and the cell body. Dendrites receive signals from other neurons, the cell body contains the nucleus and organelles, and the axon transmits signals to other neurons or target cells. These components work together to facilitate communication within the nervous system, enabling sensory perception, motor control, and cognitive functions.
Which of these patients in the neurologic ICU will be best to assign to an RN who has floated from the medical unit?
- A. A 26-year-old patient with a basilar skull fracture who has clear drainage coming out of the nose
- B. A 42-year-old patient admitted several hours ago with a headache and diagnosed with a ruptured berry aneurysm
- C. A 46-year-old patient who was admitted 48 hours ago with bacterial meningitis and has an antibiotic dose due
- D. A 65-year-old patient with an astrocytoma who has just returned to the unit after having a craniotomy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A stable patient receiving antibiotics is more appropriate for an RN floating from another unit.
The patient with apraxia cannot:
- A. name his fingers
- B. carry out an imagined act
- C. draw simple diagrams
- D. speak fluently
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carry out an imagined act is the correct answer because apraxia is a motor disorder characterized by the inability to perform purposeful movements, despite having the physical ability and desire to do so. This condition results from damage to the parietal lobe or other areas involved in motor planning.
Which number represents the medulla oblongata? (Figure 3)
- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. 5
- D. 8
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The number 8 represents the medulla oblongata because it is the lower part of the brainstem that controls vital autonomic functions such as heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure. The medulla oblongata is essential for maintaining life and ensuring the proper functioning of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.